Influencia del apoyo del acompañante en el proceso de trabajo de parto en las usuarias del hospital III EsSalud – Iquitos 2020
Date
2021-06-11
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Universidad Científica del Perú
Abstract
Introducción.
El parto es proceso fisiológico universal influido por factores psicológicos
(alegría, satisfacción, orgullo, miedo, ansiedad, distanciamiento,
emocionales y sociales). Los acompañantes pueden ayudar a las pacientes
a tener una experiencia positiva en cuanto al parto y deben ser compasivos
y confiables.
Objetivo.
Determinar la influencia del acompañante en el proceso del trabajo de parto
en usuarias atendidas en el Hospital III Es Salud – Iquitos.
Metodología.
Estudio tipo descriptivo, diseño no experimental, de corte transversal y
retrospectivo. La población estuvo constituida por 45 usuarias atendidas
en los meses de enero a marzo en el Hospital III Es Salud – Iquitos 2020.
Resultados.
Entre las características sociodemográficas: 44% de las usuarias tenían
entre 20 a 35 años de edad, 38% de nivel secundario, 44% convivientes,
procedentes del distrito de San Juan 40% y el 29% trabajaban en el sector
privado. En las características obstétricas: 53% primíparas, con atención
prenatal el 73%. Datos del acompañante: 58% escogieron a la pareja como
acompañante y en el 96% recibió apoyo de tipo emocional. Al analizar el
proceso del trabajo de parto: el tiempo de duración del trabajo de parto
desde la fase activa hasta el término del periodo de alumbramiento en las
primíparas fue menor de 12 horas y en las multíparas menor de 8 horas, al
56% de las primíparas no se les realizó episiotomía, el parto termino por
vía vaginal en un 71% y en el 99% de los partos hubo complicaciones,
principalmente desgarro perineal en el 44% de las usuarias.
Conclusiones.
El acompañamiento influye positivamente en el proceso del trabajo de
parto.
Childbirth is a universal physiological process influenced by psychological factors (joy, satisfaction, pride, fear, anxiety, distance, emotional and social). Chaperones can help patients have a positive birth experience and should be compassionate and trustworthy. Objective.To determine the influence of the companion in the process of labor in users attended at Hospital III Es Salud - Iquitos. Methodology. Descriptive type study, non-experimental, cross-sectional and retrospective design. The population consisted of 45 users attended from January to March at Hospital III Es Salud - Iquitos 2020. Results. Among the sociodemographic characteristics: 44% of the users were between 20 and 35 years of age, 38% were at the secondary level, 44% were living together, from the San Juan district, 40% and 29% worked in the private sector. In obstetric characteristics: 53% primiparous, with prenatal care 73%. Companion data: 58% chose the partner as a companion and 96% received emotional support. When analyzing the process of labor: the duration of labor from the active phase to the end of the delivery period in primiparous women was less than 12 hours and in multiparous women less than 8 hours, 56% of the Primiparous women did not undergo episiotomy, the delivery ended vaginally in 71% and in 99% of the deliveries there were complications, mainly perineal tear in 44% of the users. Conclusions. Accompaniment positively influences the labor process.
Childbirth is a universal physiological process influenced by psychological factors (joy, satisfaction, pride, fear, anxiety, distance, emotional and social). Chaperones can help patients have a positive birth experience and should be compassionate and trustworthy. Objective.To determine the influence of the companion in the process of labor in users attended at Hospital III Es Salud - Iquitos. Methodology. Descriptive type study, non-experimental, cross-sectional and retrospective design. The population consisted of 45 users attended from January to March at Hospital III Es Salud - Iquitos 2020. Results. Among the sociodemographic characteristics: 44% of the users were between 20 and 35 years of age, 38% were at the secondary level, 44% were living together, from the San Juan district, 40% and 29% worked in the private sector. In obstetric characteristics: 53% primiparous, with prenatal care 73%. Companion data: 58% chose the partner as a companion and 96% received emotional support. When analyzing the process of labor: the duration of labor from the active phase to the end of the delivery period in primiparous women was less than 12 hours and in multiparous women less than 8 hours, 56% of the Primiparous women did not undergo episiotomy, the delivery ended vaginally in 71% and in 99% of the deliveries there were complications, mainly perineal tear in 44% of the users. Conclusions. Accompaniment positively influences the labor process.
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Keywords
Parto, Acompañamiento, Childbirth, Accompaniment
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