Características de las cesáreas en el hospital regional de Loreto, abril a mayo del 2016
Date
2021-02-05
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Universidad Científica del Perú
Abstract
Introducción
La cesárea es un procedimiento quirúrgico ideado e implementado para
prevenir y solventar daños maternos y perinatales, se ha incrementado a
nivel mundial; sin embargo, se asocia a una mayor morbilidad,
generalmente con beneficios no cuantificados para el feto.
Objetivo
Determinar las características de las cesáreas en el Hospital Regional de
Loreto, entre abril a mayo del 2016.
Metodología
El diseño del presente estudio fue descriptivo transversal retrospectivo, se
evaluaron 189 gestantes cesareadas en el Hospital Regional de Loreto
entre abril a mayo del 2016, la recopilación de información a través de una
ficha de recolección de datos.
Resultados
Las gestantes cesareadas eran de edad fértil (59.8%), proceden de la zona
urbana (75.1%), el 25.4% con antecedente de cesárea previa, con edad
gestacional a término (76.2%), nulíparas (49.2%), con adecuado control
pre natal (68.3%), de las 116 gestantes con antecedente de una gestación
previa el
60.3% tuvieron un intervalo intergenésico de 2 a 5 años y el
15.5% menor de 2 años. El 59.3% de las cesáreas
realizadas fueron de emergencia y el 40.7% programadas.
Las principales indicaciones de las cesáreas programadas fueron cesárea
anterior (37.7%), DCP (14.3%), PE leve (14.3%).
Las principales indicaciones de la cesárea de emergencia fueron los casos
de enfermedad hipertensiva (19.6%), SFA (18.8%), cesárea anterior
(9.8%), y Desproporción Cefalopelvico (9.8%).
Conclusión
Las cesáreas de emergencia predominan en el Hospital Regional de
Loreto, principalmente producto a enfermedad hipertensiva en el
embarazo y sufrimiento fetal agudo.
Cesarean section is a surgical procedure devised and implemented to prevent and solve maternal and perinatal damages, it has increased worldwide; however, it is associated with increased morbidity, generally with unquantified benefits for the fetus. Objective Determine the characteristics of caesarean sections at the Regional Hospital of Loreto, between April and May 2016. Methodology The design of this study was descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective, 189 cesarean pregnant women were evaluated at the Regional Hospital of Loreto between April and May 2016, the collection of information through a data collection sheet. Results Cesarean pregnant women were of childbearing age (59.8%), came from urban areas (75.1%), 25.4% with a history of previous cesarean section, with gestational age at term (76.2%), nulliparous (49.2%), with adequate control prenatal (68.3%), of the 116 pregnant women with a history of a previous pregnancy, the 60.3% had a birth interval of 2 to 5 years and 15.5% less than 2 years. 59.3% of the caesarean sections performed were emergency and 40.7% scheduled. The main indications for planned caesarean sections were previous caesarean section (37.7%), DCP (14.3%), mild PE (14.3%). The main indications for emergency caesarean section were cases of hypertensive disease (19.6%), DES (18.8%), previous caesarean section (9.8%), and Cephalopelvic Disproportion (9.8%). Conclusion Emergency cesarean sections predominate in the Regional Hospital of Loreto, mainly due to hypertensive disease in pregnancy and acute fetal distress.
Cesarean section is a surgical procedure devised and implemented to prevent and solve maternal and perinatal damages, it has increased worldwide; however, it is associated with increased morbidity, generally with unquantified benefits for the fetus. Objective Determine the characteristics of caesarean sections at the Regional Hospital of Loreto, between April and May 2016. Methodology The design of this study was descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective, 189 cesarean pregnant women were evaluated at the Regional Hospital of Loreto between April and May 2016, the collection of information through a data collection sheet. Results Cesarean pregnant women were of childbearing age (59.8%), came from urban areas (75.1%), 25.4% with a history of previous cesarean section, with gestational age at term (76.2%), nulliparous (49.2%), with adequate control prenatal (68.3%), of the 116 pregnant women with a history of a previous pregnancy, the 60.3% had a birth interval of 2 to 5 years and 15.5% less than 2 years. 59.3% of the caesarean sections performed were emergency and 40.7% scheduled. The main indications for planned caesarean sections were previous caesarean section (37.7%), DCP (14.3%), mild PE (14.3%). The main indications for emergency caesarean section were cases of hypertensive disease (19.6%), DES (18.8%), previous caesarean section (9.8%), and Cephalopelvic Disproportion (9.8%). Conclusion Emergency cesarean sections predominate in the Regional Hospital of Loreto, mainly due to hypertensive disease in pregnancy and acute fetal distress.
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Keywords
Cesáreas, Características demográficas, Características obstétricas, Caesarean sections, Demographic characteristics, Obstetric characteristics
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