Incidencia y causas de cesarea en pacientes con antecedente de parto vaginal atendidas en el Hospital Iquitos C.G.G. enero a junio 2023
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Date
2024-11-05
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Universidad Científica del Perú
Abstract
La cesárea es una operación que se realiza ante una situación de peligro de la
madre o el feto. Por ello las situaciones que llevan a una paciente que
previamente ha tenido parto vaginal hacia una cesárea, están consideradas de
riesgo.
Objetivo
Determinar la incidencia y las causas de cesáreas en pacientes con antecedentes de parto vaginal atendidas en el hospital Iquitos C.G.G de Enero a junio 2023.
Metodología
Estudio de tipo cuantitativo, descriptivo, no experimental, de corte transversal y retrospectivo. La muestra formada por 159 pacientes cesareadas con antecedente de parto vaginal. Población conformada por 269 pacientes a las que se realizó cesárea y tenían antecedente de parte vaginal, entre enero a junio del 2023.
Resultados
En las características sociodemográficas el 36.9% tuvieron menos de 20 años,
grado de instrucción el 41.3% primaria, de procedencia rural en 46.9% y 61.9% conviviente. En cuanto a las características obstétricas se encontró que el 81.9% fueron multíparas, el 65%, tenía entre 37 y 41 semanas, 70% con dos partos vaginales, el 90% con primera cesárea, el 51.3 %, tenía 6 controles, el 49.4% con un periodo intergenésico de 2 años, el 65.5% fue Cesárea electiva, Las principales causas de cesárea fueron macrosomía fetal con 13.8%
A cesarean section is an operation that is performed in a dangerous situation for the mother or fetus. Therefore, situations that lead a patient who has previously had a vaginal birth to a cesarean section are considered risky. Objective Determine the incidence and causes of cesarean sections in patients with a history of vaginal birth treated at the Iquitos C.G.G hospital from January to June 2023. Methodology Quantitative, descriptive, non-experimental, cross-sectional and retrospective study. The sample consisted of 159 cesarean patients with a history of vaginal delivery. Population made up of 269 patients who underwent cesarean section and had a history of vaginal delivery, between January and June 2023. Results In sociodemographic characteristics, 36.9% were less than 20 years old, level of education 41.3% primary, 46.9% from rural origin and 61.9% cohabiting. Regarding obstetric characteristics, it was found that 81.9% were multiparous, 65% were between 37 and 41 weeks, 70% had two vaginal births, 90% had a first cesarean section, 51.3% had 6 controls, 49.4 % with an intergenic period of 2years, 65.5% were elective Cesarean section. The main causes of Cesarean section were fetal macrosomia with 13.8%.
A cesarean section is an operation that is performed in a dangerous situation for the mother or fetus. Therefore, situations that lead a patient who has previously had a vaginal birth to a cesarean section are considered risky. Objective Determine the incidence and causes of cesarean sections in patients with a history of vaginal birth treated at the Iquitos C.G.G hospital from January to June 2023. Methodology Quantitative, descriptive, non-experimental, cross-sectional and retrospective study. The sample consisted of 159 cesarean patients with a history of vaginal delivery. Population made up of 269 patients who underwent cesarean section and had a history of vaginal delivery, between January and June 2023. Results In sociodemographic characteristics, 36.9% were less than 20 years old, level of education 41.3% primary, 46.9% from rural origin and 61.9% cohabiting. Regarding obstetric characteristics, it was found that 81.9% were multiparous, 65% were between 37 and 41 weeks, 70% had two vaginal births, 90% had a first cesarean section, 51.3% had 6 controls, 49.4 % with an intergenic period of 2years, 65.5% were elective Cesarean section. The main causes of Cesarean section were fetal macrosomia with 13.8%.
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Keywords
Características sociodemográficas, Características obstétricas, Causas de cesárea, antecedente de parto vaginal, Sociodemographic characteristics, Obstetric characteristics, Causes of cesarean section, History of vaginal birth
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