Incidencia e indicaciones de cesáreas en el hospital Iquitos César Garayar García de julio a diciembre 2018
Date
2020-10-22
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Universidad Científica del Perú
Abstract
Introducción.
La cesárea es un procedimiento quirúrgico que permite extraer por vía abdominal
al producto de la concepción, siempre y cuando se realiza cuando el parto vaginal
no es posible o las manifestaciones clínicas maternas y fetales lo ameritan. Sin
embargo diversos informes y estudios señalan un aumento en las cifras a nivel
mundial, por encima de lo ideal señalado por la Organización Mundial de la Salud
(OMS).
Objetivo.
Determinar la incidencia y las indicaciones de cesáreas en el Hospital Iquitos
César Garayar García de julio a diciembre 2018.
Metodología.
Estudio de investigación de tipo descriptivo, no experimental, retrospectivo y de
corte transversal. La población estuvo conformada por 626 partos por cesárea
atendidos en el Hospital Iquitos César Garayar García de julio a diciembre 2018.
La muestra estuvo conformada por 232.
Resultado.
La incidencia de los partos por cesárea fue del 37.21%. En las características
sociodemográficas se encontró que las gestantes cesareadas tenían entre 20 a
35 años de edad en un 70.7%, 74.1% nivel secundario, 54.8% procedentes de
zona urbana y 81.2% de estado civil conviviente. En las características obstétricas
se encontró: 72% de las mujeres cesareadas eran multigestas, con embarazo a
término 87.0%, menos de 6 atenciones prenatales 38.1% y el tipo de cesárea fue
de emergencia en un 45.6%. Las Indicaciones maternas principales de cesárea
fueron: Hipertensión inducida por el embarazo 35.1%; el 17.9% por cesareada
anterior e incompatibilidad céfalo pélvica; las indicaciones fetales fueron: 38.9%
por sufrimiento fetal agudo, 24.6% por macrosomía fetal y el 13.8% por feto en
presentación pelviano y la indicaciones ovulares fueron: 41% fueron por ruptura
prematura de membrana; 30.9% por placenta previa y el 28.0% por
desprendimiento prematuro de placenta.
Conclusión.
Incidencia de cesárea en el Hospital Iquitos César Garayar García de julio a
diciembre 2018 fue del 37.21%, con lo que se aprueba la hipótesis.
Cesarean section is a surgical procedure that allows the product of conception to be removed abdominally, as long as it is performed when vaginal delivery is not possible or the maternal and fetal clinical manifestations warrant it. However, various reports and studies point to an increase in the figures worldwide, above the ideal indicated by the World Health Organization (WHO). Objective Determine the incidence and indications of caesarean sections at the Hospital Iquitos César Garayar García from July to December 2018. Methodology Descriptive, non-experimental, retrospective and cross-sectional research study. The population consisted of 626 cesarean deliveries attended at the Iquitos César Garayar García Hospital from July to December 2018. The sample consisted of 232 Result The incidence of cesarean deliveries was 37.21%. Regarding the sociodemographic characteristics, it was found that the pregnant women with cesarean delivery were between 20 and 35 years of age in 70.7%, 74.1% secondary level, 54.8% from urban areas and 81.2% of cohabiting marital status. In the obstetric characteristics, it was found: 72% of the cesarean section women were multigesta, with a full-term pregnancy 87.0%, less than 6 prenatal care 38.1% and the type of cesarean section was emergency in 45.6%. The main maternal indications for cesarean section were: Pregnancy-induced hypertension 35.1%; 17.9% due to previous cesarean delivery and pelvic head incompatibility; fetal indications were: 38.9% for acute fetal distress, 24.6% for fetal macrosomia and 13.8% for fetus in pelvic presentation and ovular indications were: 41% were for premature membrane rupture; 30.9% due to placenta previa and 28.0% due to premature detachment of the placenta. Conclusion Incidence of cesarean section at the Hospital Iquitos César Garayar García from July to December 2018 was 37.21%, thus approving the hypothesis.
Cesarean section is a surgical procedure that allows the product of conception to be removed abdominally, as long as it is performed when vaginal delivery is not possible or the maternal and fetal clinical manifestations warrant it. However, various reports and studies point to an increase in the figures worldwide, above the ideal indicated by the World Health Organization (WHO). Objective Determine the incidence and indications of caesarean sections at the Hospital Iquitos César Garayar García from July to December 2018. Methodology Descriptive, non-experimental, retrospective and cross-sectional research study. The population consisted of 626 cesarean deliveries attended at the Iquitos César Garayar García Hospital from July to December 2018. The sample consisted of 232 Result The incidence of cesarean deliveries was 37.21%. Regarding the sociodemographic characteristics, it was found that the pregnant women with cesarean delivery were between 20 and 35 years of age in 70.7%, 74.1% secondary level, 54.8% from urban areas and 81.2% of cohabiting marital status. In the obstetric characteristics, it was found: 72% of the cesarean section women were multigesta, with a full-term pregnancy 87.0%, less than 6 prenatal care 38.1% and the type of cesarean section was emergency in 45.6%. The main maternal indications for cesarean section were: Pregnancy-induced hypertension 35.1%; 17.9% due to previous cesarean delivery and pelvic head incompatibility; fetal indications were: 38.9% for acute fetal distress, 24.6% for fetal macrosomia and 13.8% for fetus in pelvic presentation and ovular indications were: 41% were for premature membrane rupture; 30.9% due to placenta previa and 28.0% due to premature detachment of the placenta. Conclusion Incidence of cesarean section at the Hospital Iquitos César Garayar García from July to December 2018 was 37.21%, thus approving the hypothesis.
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Incidencia, Indicaciones, Incidence, Indications
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