Factores de riesgos asociados al dolor lumbar ocupacional en pacientes atendidos en un hospital de III nivel de Iquitos, 2022
Date
2022-12-20
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Universidad Científica del Perú
Abstract
El presente estudio titulado factores de riesgos asociados al dolor lumbar
ocupacional en pacientes atendidos en un hospital de III nivel de Iquitos,
2022. Tuvo como objetivo: Determinar los factores de riesgos asociados al
dolor lumbar ocupacional en pacientes atendidos en un hospital de III nivel
de Iquitos, 2022, Con un enfoque Metodológico: Tipo no experimental,
diseño cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal, correlacional y prospectivo, la
Técnica utilizada fue la Encuesta y el Instrumento, el Cuestionario, con una
Población de 92 y muestra el 100% de la población personas de ambos
sexos. Resultados: El 76,1% fueron adultos con edad promedio de 50,3
años y desviación estándar de 12,3. Más de la mitad fueron de sexo
masculino, ocupándose en un porcentaje mayor como personal de salud
representando al 45,7%. Asimismo, el 57,6% de ellos eran pacientes con
sobrepeso. un 47,8% de pacientes laboran más de 8 horas al día, además
manifestaron estar laborando más de un año el 54,3%. Con respecto a la
manipulación de carga pesada, el 46,7%, sí lo hace e indicaron además el
43,5% de pacientes realizar en posturas forzadas. Con respecto a la
comorbilidad, el 10,9% presentaron hernia de núcleo pulposo, estenosis
lumbar el 7,6%, los pacientes con hemangioma lumbar el 13,0%. Asimismo,
el 6,5% tenían luxación intervertebral dorsal, con traumatismo de cadera
hubo 17,4% de pacientes y el 7,6% manifestaron tener espondiloartrosis.
El 80,4% de los pacientes manifestó haber tenido dolor en los últimos 6
meses, mientras un 82,6% dijo haber presentado algún tipo de molestias
(hormigueo). El 67,4% presentaron impedimento para el trabajo, indicaron
tener molestias de sueño el 79,3% de los pacientes. Quienes asocian al
dolor con actividades deportivas fueron el 76,1%. El 43,5% indicó tener
incapacidad. Asimismo, el 58,7% dijo no acudir a especialistas por
información sobre el mal. Según las características clínicas, el 37,0%
presentaron dolor lumbar crónico y el 63,0% de los pacientes dolor lumbar
agudo. Tienen más riesgo de percibir dolor lumbar crónico los adultos
mayores (OR=5,752), los hombres (OR=2,756), los que se dedican a la
xii
docencia (OR=3,536) y los obesos (OR=5,365). Más riesgo de percibir
dolor lumbar crónico los pacientes que laboran más de 8 horas
diarias(OR=5,702), los que tienen mayor tiempo de servicio (OR=4,604),
aquellos que manipulan carga pesada (OR=10,125) y quienes realizan
posturas forzadas (OR=17,889). y tienen más riesgo de percibir dolor
lumbar crónico los pacientes con hernia de núcleo pulposo (OR=4,753), los
que tienen estenosis lumbar (OR=12,214), los que presentan hemangioma
lumbar (OR=11,667), con luxación intervertebral dorsal (OR=5.925), con
traumatismo de cadera (OR=11,349) y aquellos que presentan
espondiloartrosis (OR=12,214).
The present study entitled risk factors associated with occupational low back pain in patients treated at a level III hospital in Iquitos, 2022. Its objective was: To determine the risk factors associated with occupational low back pain in patients treated at a level III hospital. Iquitos, 2022, With a Methodological approach: Non-experimental type, quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational and prospective design, the Technique used was the Survey and the Instrument, the Questionnaire, with a Population of 92 and shows 100% of the populación people of both sexes. Results: 76.1% were adults with a mean age of 50.3 years and a standard deviation of 12.3. More than half were male, occupying a higher percentage as health personnel representing 45.7%. Likewise, 57.6% of them were overweight patients. 47.8% of patients work more than 8 hours a day, and 54.3% also stated that they were working more than a year. With regard to handling heavy loads, 46.7% do, and 43.5% of patients also indicated forced postures. With regard to comorbidity, 10.9% had nucleus pulposus hernia, 7.6% lumbar stenosis, and 13.0% patients with lumbar hemangioma. Likewise, 6.5% had dorsal intervertebral dislocation, with hip trauma there were 17.4% of patients and 7.6% reported having spondyloarthrosis. 80.4% of the patients reported having had pain in the last 6 months, while 82.6% said they had experienced some type of discomfort (tingling). 67.4% presented impediment to work, 79.3% of the patients indicated having sleep disturbances. Those who associate pain with sports activities were 76.1%. 43.5% indicated having disability. Also, 58.7% said they did not go to specialists for information about the disease. According to the clinical characteristics, 37.0% presented chronic low back pain and 63.0% of the patients had acute low back pain. Older adults (OR=5.752), men (OR=2.756), those who are dedicated to teaching (OR=3.536) and obese (OR=5.365) have a higher risk of perceiving chronic low back pain. Patients who work more than 8 hours a day (OR=5.702), those with longer service hours (OR=4.604), those who handle heavy loads (OR=10.125) and those who perform forced postures are at greater risk of perceiving chronic low back pain. (OR=17.889). and patients with nucleus pulposus herniation (OR=4.753), those with lumbar stenosis (OR=12.214), those with lumbar hemangioma (OR=11.667), those with dorsal intervertebral dislocation (OR =5.925), with hip trauma (OR=11.349) and those with spondyloarthrosis (OR=12.214).
The present study entitled risk factors associated with occupational low back pain in patients treated at a level III hospital in Iquitos, 2022. Its objective was: To determine the risk factors associated with occupational low back pain in patients treated at a level III hospital. Iquitos, 2022, With a Methodological approach: Non-experimental type, quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational and prospective design, the Technique used was the Survey and the Instrument, the Questionnaire, with a Population of 92 and shows 100% of the populación people of both sexes. Results: 76.1% were adults with a mean age of 50.3 years and a standard deviation of 12.3. More than half were male, occupying a higher percentage as health personnel representing 45.7%. Likewise, 57.6% of them were overweight patients. 47.8% of patients work more than 8 hours a day, and 54.3% also stated that they were working more than a year. With regard to handling heavy loads, 46.7% do, and 43.5% of patients also indicated forced postures. With regard to comorbidity, 10.9% had nucleus pulposus hernia, 7.6% lumbar stenosis, and 13.0% patients with lumbar hemangioma. Likewise, 6.5% had dorsal intervertebral dislocation, with hip trauma there were 17.4% of patients and 7.6% reported having spondyloarthrosis. 80.4% of the patients reported having had pain in the last 6 months, while 82.6% said they had experienced some type of discomfort (tingling). 67.4% presented impediment to work, 79.3% of the patients indicated having sleep disturbances. Those who associate pain with sports activities were 76.1%. 43.5% indicated having disability. Also, 58.7% said they did not go to specialists for information about the disease. According to the clinical characteristics, 37.0% presented chronic low back pain and 63.0% of the patients had acute low back pain. Older adults (OR=5.752), men (OR=2.756), those who are dedicated to teaching (OR=3.536) and obese (OR=5.365) have a higher risk of perceiving chronic low back pain. Patients who work more than 8 hours a day (OR=5.702), those with longer service hours (OR=4.604), those who handle heavy loads (OR=10.125) and those who perform forced postures are at greater risk of perceiving chronic low back pain. (OR=17.889). and patients with nucleus pulposus herniation (OR=4.753), those with lumbar stenosis (OR=12.214), those with lumbar hemangioma (OR=11.667), those with dorsal intervertebral dislocation (OR =5.925), with hip trauma (OR=11.349) and those with spondyloarthrosis (OR=12.214).
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Factores de riesgos, Dolor lumbar ocupacional, Risk factors, Occupational low back pain
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