Factores asociados a la salud mental del adulto mayor con síndrome del nido vacío
Date
2024-10-02
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Universidad Científica del Perú
Abstract
Con el objetivo de determinar los factores asociados a la salud mental del
adulto mayor con nido vacío, se desarrolló un estudio observacional
correlacional. A una muestra de 250 adultos mayores que residían en la
comunidad, se administró un cuestionario sociodemográfico, el índice de
Barthel, el Apgar familiar, una escala de apoyo familiar, y el índice de
Yesavagge. Para el análisis estadístico de los datos se utilizó el programa
estadístico SPSS versión 26,0. Los resultados mostraron que la edad
promedio fue de 70.9 años, más de la mitad eran del sexo femenino,
generalmente con estudios primarios. Mas de la tercera parte son viudos
especialmente las mujeres, una tercera parte proceden de Maynas. Los
adultos estimaron a la salud percibida en sus tres factores como “regular”.
El 13.6% presentaron dependencia leve. Siete de cada diez reportaron
morbilidad sentida, de éstos, cuatro de cada diez adultos informaron sufrir
de hipertensión arterial; seis de cada diez informaron algún grado de
disfuncionalidad familiar, la mitad de ellos informaron moderado apoyo
familiar. El 38% declaró situación de nido vacío. El 30% de ellos presentó
probable depresión. Del total de los adultos con nido vacío (54%), el 17.2%
reveló algún grado de depresión. El pertenecer al sexo femenino, salud
percibida en general, salud percibida en comparación a hace un año, la
capacidad funcional, morbilidad sentida y apoyo familiar fueron las
variables que produjeron mayor fuerza de asociación estadística
significativa con la depresión (p<0.05).
An observational correlational study was developed to determine the factors associated with the mental health of older adults with empty nests. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the Barthel index, the family Apgar, a family support scale, and the Yesavagge index were administered to 250 older adults residing in the community. For the statistical analysis of the data, the statistical program SPSS version 26.0 was used. The results showed that the average age was 70.9 years; more than half were female, generally with primary education. More than a third are widowers, especially women, and a third come from Maynas. Adults rated their perceived health in their three factors as “fair.” 13.6% presented mild dependence. Seven out of ten reported felt morbidity; of these, four out of ten adults reported suffering from high blood pressure; six in ten reported some degree of family dysfunction, and half of them reported moderate family support. 38% declared an empty nest situation. 30% of them presented probable depression. Of the total empty nest adults (54%), 17.2% revealed some degree of depression. Being female, perceived health in general, perceived health compared to a year ago, functional capacity, felt morbidity, and family support were the variables that produced the greatest strength of significant statistical association with depression (p<0.05).
An observational correlational study was developed to determine the factors associated with the mental health of older adults with empty nests. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the Barthel index, the family Apgar, a family support scale, and the Yesavagge index were administered to 250 older adults residing in the community. For the statistical analysis of the data, the statistical program SPSS version 26.0 was used. The results showed that the average age was 70.9 years; more than half were female, generally with primary education. More than a third are widowers, especially women, and a third come from Maynas. Adults rated their perceived health in their three factors as “fair.” 13.6% presented mild dependence. Seven out of ten reported felt morbidity; of these, four out of ten adults reported suffering from high blood pressure; six in ten reported some degree of family dysfunction, and half of them reported moderate family support. 38% declared an empty nest situation. 30% of them presented probable depression. Of the total empty nest adults (54%), 17.2% revealed some degree of depression. Being female, perceived health in general, perceived health compared to a year ago, functional capacity, felt morbidity, and family support were the variables that produced the greatest strength of significant statistical association with depression (p<0.05).
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Keywords
Nido vacío, Depresión, Anciano, Empty nest, Depression, Elderly
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