Evaluación de los usos del territorio en los ecosistemas de las comunidades Urarina Pandora y Santa Martha de la cuenca baja del Rio Tigrillo, Urarinas, Loreto, Perú, 2023
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2025-02-19
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Universidad Científica del Perú
Abstract
En la cuenca baja del río Tigrillo, Loreto, Perú, las comunidades urarina de
Pandora y Santa Martha enfrentan desafíos crecientes en la relación entre
sus prácticas tradicionales y la conservación de ecosistemas clave, como
los humedales, amenazados por actividades como la explotación petrolera
y la construcción de infraestructura. La falta de comprensión sobre el uso
del territorio limita el desarrollo de estrategias sostenibles. Este estudio,
mediante un enfoque geoespacial, analiza la relación entre los usos
tradicionales del territorio y la conservación de los ecosistemas,
identificando patrones, impactos y áreas críticas para proponer soluciones
efectivas que integren conocimiento ancestral y herramientas técnicas. El
objetivo fue analizar cómo los usos del territorio, su distribución espacial y
su impacto afectan la conservación de ecosistemas en Pandora y Santa
Martha. Se mapearon los principales usos del territorio, se evaluó su
impacto en los ecosistemas y se identificaron áreas críticas de conflicto en
2023. En Pandora, los ecosistemas como varillales hidromórficos y
aguajales presentan alta intensidad de uso, con actividades de agricultura,
caza y extracción de madera, lo que coincide con una significativa pérdida
de cobertura boscosa. En Santa Martha, los usos del territorio son más
diversificados y sostenibles, con pérdida boscosa localizada y menor
presión antrópica. Se recomienda priorizar estrategias de conservación en
Pandora, enfocándose en áreas críticas de alta presión, mientras que el
modelo de manejo de Santa Martha podría servir como referencia para
prácticas sostenibles en otras comunidades. Integrar el conocimiento
tradicional con herramientas técnicas resulta esencial para la sostenibilidad
de los ecosistemas amazónicos y el bienestar comunitario.
In the lower basin of the Tigrillo River, Loreto, Peru, the Urarina communities of Pandora and Santa Martha face increasing challenges in balancing their traditional practices with the conservation of key ecosystems, such as wetlands, threatened by activities like oil exploitation and infrastructure development. The lack of understanding regarding land use limits the development of sustainable strategies. This study, using a geospatial approach, analyzes the relationship between traditional land uses and ecosystem conservation, identifying patterns, impacts, and critical areas to propose effective solutions that integrate ancestral knowledge and technical tools. The objective was to analyze how land uses, their spatial distribution, and their impacts affect ecosystem conservation in Pandora and Santa Martha. The main land uses were mapped, their impacts on ecosystems evaluated, and critical conflict areas identified in 2023. In Pandora, ecosystems such as pole forest and palm swamp forest exhibit highintensity use, including agriculture, hunting, and timber extraction, which correlates with significant forest cover loss. In Santa Martha, land uses are more diversified and sustainable, with localized forest loss and lower anthropogenic pressure. It is recommended to prioritize conservation strategies in Pandora, focusing on critical high-pressure areas, while the management model of Santa Martha could serve as a reference for sustainable practices in other communities. Integrating traditional knowledge with technical tools is essential for the sustainability of Amazonian ecosystems and community well-being.
In the lower basin of the Tigrillo River, Loreto, Peru, the Urarina communities of Pandora and Santa Martha face increasing challenges in balancing their traditional practices with the conservation of key ecosystems, such as wetlands, threatened by activities like oil exploitation and infrastructure development. The lack of understanding regarding land use limits the development of sustainable strategies. This study, using a geospatial approach, analyzes the relationship between traditional land uses and ecosystem conservation, identifying patterns, impacts, and critical areas to propose effective solutions that integrate ancestral knowledge and technical tools. The objective was to analyze how land uses, their spatial distribution, and their impacts affect ecosystem conservation in Pandora and Santa Martha. The main land uses were mapped, their impacts on ecosystems evaluated, and critical conflict areas identified in 2023. In Pandora, ecosystems such as pole forest and palm swamp forest exhibit highintensity use, including agriculture, hunting, and timber extraction, which correlates with significant forest cover loss. In Santa Martha, land uses are more diversified and sustainable, with localized forest loss and lower anthropogenic pressure. It is recommended to prioritize conservation strategies in Pandora, focusing on critical high-pressure areas, while the management model of Santa Martha could serve as a reference for sustainable practices in other communities. Integrating traditional knowledge with technical tools is essential for the sustainability of Amazonian ecosystems and community well-being.
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Análisis espacial, Cambio de la cobertura y uso de la tierra, Gestión territorial, Ecosistemas amazónicos, Servicios ecosistémicos culturales, Prácticas tradicionales, Conocimientos ancestrales, Amazonía peruana, Spatial analysis, Land cover and land use change, Territorial management, Amazonian ecosystems, Cultural ecosystem services, Traditional practices, Ancestral knowledge, Peruvian Amazon
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