Estudio para determinar la factibilidad de implementación de la filosofía lean construction para mejorar la productividad en obras, Tarapoto 2022
Date
2023-03-09
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Universidad Científica del Perú
Abstract
La industria de la construcción representa una de las mayores actividades económicas del mundo, y en el Perú esta premisa no es la excepción, siendo uno de los sectores que más aporta para estabilizar la economía nacional, lo cual se refleja en el producto bruto interno del país. Sin embargo, los procesos tradicionales de control usados actualmente por la mayoría de empresas constructoras se hace cada vez más deficiente, originando decrecimiento de los índices de productividad de los proyectos ejecutados.
En los últimos tiempos el mundo ha experimentado diversos cambios en su entorno tales como cambios ambientales, sociales, tecnológicos, etc., los mismos que obligan a las industrias a replantear la forma en la que desarrollan sus actividades. Estos cambios han hecho que el sector construcción, en particular, presente un estancamiento en sus métodos constructivos, inaplicando herramientas de gestión de proyectos para mejorar o propiciar cambios al sistema tradicional.
Estos antecedentes motivan la necesidad de la aplicación de métodos de gestión de proyectos estandarizados internacionalmente tales como la Filosofía del Lean Construction o construcción sin pérdidas para mejorar los procesos de programación, control y ejecución de proyectos, ya que la mayor parte de obras que se ejecutan en la región, se ejecutan con sobrecostos, incumplimiento de plazos y generando desperdicios.
La presente investigación tiene la finalidad de determinar la factibilidad de implementación de la Filosofía Lean Construction para mejorar la productividad en obras a través del análisis realizada a una empresa constructora del ámbito local mediante el diagnóstico para identificar deficiencias en los actuales procesos de optimización de recursos, seguido de un diseño de propuesta de mejora basada en la Filosofía Lean Construction.
The construction industry represents one of the largest economic activities in the world, and in Peru this premise is no exception, being one of the sectors that contributes the most to stabilizing the national economy, which is reflected in the gross domestic product of the country. country. However, the traditional control processes currently used by the majority of construction companies are becoming increasingly deficient, causing a decrease in the productivity rates of the projects executed. In recent times, the world has experienced various changes in its environment such as environmental, social, technological changes, etc., the same ones that force industries to rethink the way in which they carry out their activities. These changes have caused the construction sector, in particular, to present stagnation in its construction methods, not applying project management tools to improve or promote changes to the traditional system. These antecedents motivate the need for the application of internationally standardized project management methods such as the Lean Construction Philosophy or construction without losses to improve the processes of programming, control and execution of projects, since most of the works that are executed in the region, they are executed with cost overruns, failure to meet deadlines and generating waste. The present investigation has the purpose of determining the feasibility of implementing the Lean Construction Philosophy to improve productivity in works through the analysis carried out at a local construction company through the diagnosis to identify deficiencies in the current processes of optimization of resources, followed by an improvement proposal design based on the Lean Construction Philosophy.
The construction industry represents one of the largest economic activities in the world, and in Peru this premise is no exception, being one of the sectors that contributes the most to stabilizing the national economy, which is reflected in the gross domestic product of the country. country. However, the traditional control processes currently used by the majority of construction companies are becoming increasingly deficient, causing a decrease in the productivity rates of the projects executed. In recent times, the world has experienced various changes in its environment such as environmental, social, technological changes, etc., the same ones that force industries to rethink the way in which they carry out their activities. These changes have caused the construction sector, in particular, to present stagnation in its construction methods, not applying project management tools to improve or promote changes to the traditional system. These antecedents motivate the need for the application of internationally standardized project management methods such as the Lean Construction Philosophy or construction without losses to improve the processes of programming, control and execution of projects, since most of the works that are executed in the region, they are executed with cost overruns, failure to meet deadlines and generating waste. The present investigation has the purpose of determining the feasibility of implementing the Lean Construction Philosophy to improve productivity in works through the analysis carried out at a local construction company through the diagnosis to identify deficiencies in the current processes of optimization of resources, followed by an improvement proposal design based on the Lean Construction Philosophy.
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Construcción sin perdidas, Productividad, Gestión de proyectos, Control, Lossless construction, Productivity, Project management, Control
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