Aprovechamiento de residuos de poliestireno expandido y cáscara de naranja para elaborar un barniz ecológico para madera en Iquitos 2021
Date
2021-07-05
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Universidad Científica del Perú
Abstract
El deficiente manejo del poliestireno expandido a nivel mundial, nacional y local después
de su uso, repercute negativamente en el ambiente debido a las características y
propiedades que presenta (estireno, 95% aire). Por otra parte, en los últimos años se
viene utilizando un solvente natural amigable con el medio ambiente conocido como
limoneno, que es extraído de la cáscara de cítricos como la naranja, el cual ha
demostrado, de acuerdo a estudios, una efectividad para disolver la espuma de
poliestireno expandido (Meza et al, 2016). Por ende, el estudio tuvo como objetivo
aprovechar los residuos de poliestireno expandido y cáscara de naranja (Citrus sinensis)
para elaborar un barniz ecológico para madera en la ciudad de Iquitos. Se planteó un
diseño experimental de tipo descriptivo, ya que inicialmente se observaron las
características físicas, químicas del aceite esencial de la cáscara de naranja para
solubilizar el material poliestireno expandido. Luego de esto, se realizaron diferentes
formulaciones de EPS/Aceite esencial. Obteniendo como resultado un barniz ecológico
en la relación 5/10 con olor agradable a naranja, y con una buena adherencia y una
superficie brillosa en la madera.
The inadequate management of polystyrene expanded at a global, national and local level after its use, negatively affects the environment due to the characteristics and properties it presents (styrene, 95% air). On the other hand, in recent years an environmentally friendly natural solvent known as limonene has been used. This natural solvent is extracted from the peel of citrus fruits such as orange, which has shown, according to studies, effectiveness to dissolve the expanded polystyrene foam (Meza et al, 2016). Therefore, the study is aimed to take advantage of the waste of expanded polystyrene and orange peel (Citrus sinensis) to produce an ecological varnish for wood in the city of Iquitos. An experimental design of a descriptive type was proposed, since the physical and chemical characteristics of the essential oil of the orange peel were initially observed in order to solubilize the expanded polystyrene material. After this, different EPS / Essential Oil formulations were made. Obtaining as a result an ecological varnish in the ratio 5/10 with a pleasant smell of orange, and with a good adherence and shiny surface on the wood.
The inadequate management of polystyrene expanded at a global, national and local level after its use, negatively affects the environment due to the characteristics and properties it presents (styrene, 95% air). On the other hand, in recent years an environmentally friendly natural solvent known as limonene has been used. This natural solvent is extracted from the peel of citrus fruits such as orange, which has shown, according to studies, effectiveness to dissolve the expanded polystyrene foam (Meza et al, 2016). Therefore, the study is aimed to take advantage of the waste of expanded polystyrene and orange peel (Citrus sinensis) to produce an ecological varnish for wood in the city of Iquitos. An experimental design of a descriptive type was proposed, since the physical and chemical characteristics of the essential oil of the orange peel were initially observed in order to solubilize the expanded polystyrene material. After this, different EPS / Essential Oil formulations were made. Obtaining as a result an ecological varnish in the ratio 5/10 with a pleasant smell of orange, and with a good adherence and shiny surface on the wood.
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Keywords
Aprovechamiento, Poliestireno expandido, Cáscara de naranja, Barniz ecológico, Utilization of limonene, Expanded polystyrene, Orange peel, Ecological varnish
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