Influencia de la adición de fibras de acero en las propiedades físicas y mecánicas del concreto cemento -arena, Iquitos, Perú – 2022
Date
2023-07-17
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Universidad Científica del Perú
Abstract
La presente tesis, es única en su género, es de nivel cuasi
experimental; y tiene como finalidad contribuir con la mejora de las
propiedades físicas y mecánicas del concreto cemento –arena, material
principal en la construcción, en la ciudad de Iquitos. Para mejorar su
comportamiento ante esfuerzos de flexión y efectos de contracción, se
utilizó fibras de acero Wirand FF1, por lo que el objetivo principal fue
determinar la influencia de la adición de diferentes proporciones de fibras
de acero en estas propiedades, para lo cual se realizaron los ensayos
en estado fresco y endurecido siguientes: consistencia, peso unitario,
resistencia a la compresión, resistencia a la tracción, resistencia a la
flexión y módulo elástico. Se caracterizó el agregado fino, y se hizo el
diseño de la mezcla patrón sin fibras de acero y con una relación a/c =
0.60; y, luego las muestras experimentales manteniendo la misma
relación a/c = 0.60 y con adiciones de 15, 25 y 35 kg/m3 de fibras de
acero Wirand FF1 y con la misma. Para los ensayos de compresión
simple y tracción diagonal se elaboraron 64 testigos cilíndricos por cada
tipo efectuándose la rotura a los 7 y 28 días de curado; y, para los
ensayos de flexión a los 28 días de curado, se elaboraron 12 testigos de
vigas; y finalmente para los ensayos de módulo de elasticidad se
elaboraron 12 testigos cilíndricos para ser ensayas a los 28 días, de las
mismas características que para los ensayos anteriores.
De los resultados se concluye que la adición de las fibras de acero
FF1, influyen significativamente en las propiedades físicas y mecánicas
del concreto cemento – arena, obteniéndose los mejores resultados con
las adiciones de 15 y 25 kg/m3 de fibras de acero, con valores de relación
w/c=0.60, quedando confirmada la hipótesis.
The present thesis is unique in its kind, it is of quasi-experimental level, and its purpose is to contribute to the improvement of the physical and mechanical properties of cement-sand concrete, it’s the main material used in construction in Iquitos city. To improve its behaviour under bending stresses and shrinkage effects, Wirand FF1 steel fibres were used, so the main objective was to determine the influence of the addition of different proportions of steel fibres on these properties, for which the following tests were carried out in the fresh and hardened state: consistency, unit weight, compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength and elastic modulus. The fine aggregate was characterised, and the design of the standard mix was made without steel fibres and with a relation a/c = 0.60; and then the experimental samples maintaining the same relation a/c = 0.60 and with additions of 15, 25 and 35 kg/m3 of Wirand FF1 steel fibres. For the simple compression and diagonal tensile tests, 64 cylindrical cores were prepared for each type, with the breakage at 7 and 28 days of curing; and, for the flexural tests at 28 days of curing, 12 beam cores were prepared; and finally, for the modulus of elasticity tests, 12 cylindrical cores were prepared to be tested at 28 days, with the same characteristics as for the previous tests. From the results it is concluded that the addition of FF1 steel fibres, significantly influences the physical and mechanical properties of the cement-sand concrete, obtaining the best results with the additions of 15 and 25 kg/m3 of steel fibres, with values of relation a/c ratio=0.60, confirming the hypothesis.
The present thesis is unique in its kind, it is of quasi-experimental level, and its purpose is to contribute to the improvement of the physical and mechanical properties of cement-sand concrete, it’s the main material used in construction in Iquitos city. To improve its behaviour under bending stresses and shrinkage effects, Wirand FF1 steel fibres were used, so the main objective was to determine the influence of the addition of different proportions of steel fibres on these properties, for which the following tests were carried out in the fresh and hardened state: consistency, unit weight, compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength and elastic modulus. The fine aggregate was characterised, and the design of the standard mix was made without steel fibres and with a relation a/c = 0.60; and then the experimental samples maintaining the same relation a/c = 0.60 and with additions of 15, 25 and 35 kg/m3 of Wirand FF1 steel fibres. For the simple compression and diagonal tensile tests, 64 cylindrical cores were prepared for each type, with the breakage at 7 and 28 days of curing; and, for the flexural tests at 28 days of curing, 12 beam cores were prepared; and finally, for the modulus of elasticity tests, 12 cylindrical cores were prepared to be tested at 28 days, with the same characteristics as for the previous tests. From the results it is concluded that the addition of FF1 steel fibres, significantly influences the physical and mechanical properties of the cement-sand concrete, obtaining the best results with the additions of 15 and 25 kg/m3 of steel fibres, with values of relation a/c ratio=0.60, confirming the hypothesis.
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Keywords
Fibras de acero, Concreto cemento – arena, Cemento Portland tipo GU, Propiedades físicas y mecánicas del concreto, Steel fibres, Cement-sand concrete, Portland cement type
GU, Physical and mechanical properties of concrete
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