Diagnóstico de patologías para la formulación de una propuesta de mantenimiento de las edificaciones de concreto armado en el distrito de la banda de Shilcayo, provincia y departamento de San Martín
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Date
2024-07-12
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Universidad Científica del Perú
Abstract
Este proyecto de investigación tuvo como objetivo principal, realizar el
diagnóstico de las patologías para formular la propuesta de mantenimiento de
las edificaciones de concreto armado en el distrito de la Banda de Shilcayo,
provincia y departamento de San Martín.
El presente estudio se justifica porque orienta a brindar una mejor calidad de
vida en la población de la Banda de Shilcayo, ya que se aprecia problemas de
patologías en las estructuras de concreto armado, en edificaciones (viviendas);
entre las causas que ocasionan un deterioro prematuro de las estructuras son
las patologías internas, externas, la dosificación de los agregados y un mal
proceso constructivo.
Entre las conclusiones, tenemos las siguientes:
Nuestra investigación muestra casos que corresponden en mayor porcentaje, a
la humedad un factor que afecta a la mayoría de viviendas estudiadas, esto
debido a que la zona es lluviosa y el concreto armado está expuesto al
intemperismo. El siguiente daño que se observa con frecuencia son las fisuras
y grietas generalmente en los muros, columnas y techos aligerados de las
edificaciones, que son del tipo lineal y discontinua, que corresponden a fallas
instantáneas y diferidas. En menor porcentaje tenemos daños tipo
eflorescencia.
Los diferentes daños presentados en las edificaciones de concreto armado en
La Banda de Shilcayo, que formó parte de nuestra investigación, como son la
humedad, fisuras y grietas y la eflorescencia, están ligadas a los procesos
constructivos, ya que estas edificaciones, según declaración de sus
propietarios, no han sido construidas ni supervisadas por profesionales
relacionadas al ramo de la construcción, solo han participado en todo el
proceso constructivo, personal de formación empírica (maestros de obra).
This research project had as its main objective, to carry out the diagnosis of pathologies to formulate the maintenance proposal for reinforced concrete buildings in the district of Banda de Shilcayo, province and department of San Martín. The present study is justified because it aims to provide a better quality of life in the population of the Banda de Shilcayo, since pathology problems are observed in reinforced concrete structures, in buildings (homes); among the causes that cause a premature deterioration of the structures are internal and external pathologies, the dosage of the aggregates and a bad construction process. Among the conclusions, we have the following: Our research shows cases that correspond in a higher percentage to humidity, a factor that affects the majority of the houses studied, this is due to the fact that the area is rainy and the reinforced concrete is exposed to weathering. The next damage that is frequently observed are fissures and cracks, generally in the walls, columns and lightened roofs of the buildings, which are of the linear and discontinuous type, which correspond to instantaneous and delayed failures. In a lower percentage we have efflorescence type damage. The different damages presented in the reinforced concrete buildings in the city of Morales, which was part of our investigation, such as humidity, fissures and cracks and efflorescence, are linked to the construction processes, since these buildings, according to a declaration of Their owners have not been built or supervised by professionals related to the construction industry, only empirically trained personnel (master builders) have participated in the entire construction process.
This research project had as its main objective, to carry out the diagnosis of pathologies to formulate the maintenance proposal for reinforced concrete buildings in the district of Banda de Shilcayo, province and department of San Martín. The present study is justified because it aims to provide a better quality of life in the population of the Banda de Shilcayo, since pathology problems are observed in reinforced concrete structures, in buildings (homes); among the causes that cause a premature deterioration of the structures are internal and external pathologies, the dosage of the aggregates and a bad construction process. Among the conclusions, we have the following: Our research shows cases that correspond in a higher percentage to humidity, a factor that affects the majority of the houses studied, this is due to the fact that the area is rainy and the reinforced concrete is exposed to weathering. The next damage that is frequently observed are fissures and cracks, generally in the walls, columns and lightened roofs of the buildings, which are of the linear and discontinuous type, which correspond to instantaneous and delayed failures. In a lower percentage we have efflorescence type damage. The different damages presented in the reinforced concrete buildings in the city of Morales, which was part of our investigation, such as humidity, fissures and cracks and efflorescence, are linked to the construction processes, since these buildings, according to a declaration of Their owners have not been built or supervised by professionals related to the construction industry, only empirically trained personnel (master builders) have participated in the entire construction process.
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Keywords
Patologías, Mantenimiento de edificaciones, Fisuración, Concreto armado, Reparación, Grietas, Sostenibilidad, Pathologies, Building maintenance, Cracking, Reinforced concrete, Repair, Cracks, Sustainability
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