El divorcio incausado y su viabilidad como mecanismo de disolución del vínculo matrimonial en el ordenamiento jurídico peruano
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2025-12-30
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Universidad Científica del Perú
Abstract
Esta investigación desarrolla una realidad incierta respecto de la ruptura del vínculo matrimonial y se centra en el análisis de cual viable desde el punto de vista social y jurídica es posible el divorcio incausado como una forma de disolución de la relación matrimonial frente a la forma tradicional del sistema referido a causales. El objetivo que se plasma en la presente investigación es poder comprobar la posibilidad de fortalecer este mecanismo dentro del sistema jurídico nacional, valorando su conformidad con el sistema de principios constitucionales, así como verificando su impacto social. La presente tesis se mantiene un enfoque dogmático-jurídico y maneja la revisión documentada de doctrina nacional e internacional, se toma en consideración la legislación comparada, así como la jurisprudencia más actual, específicamente la que promueve tema como la autonomía de la voluntad y la dignidad de la persona. En ella se discute respecto al sistema tradicional sustentado en la probática de la culpa matrimonial, la cual resulta obsoleta, lesiva para la dignidad de los cónyuges, así como contraria al interés superior de niño, al obligar trasuntar por el proceso y la exposición de la vida privada. Los descubrimientos señalan que el divorcio Incausado no solo tiene sustento legal viable, sino que es una necesidad social al ser plenamente compatible con el derecho fundamental al libre desarrollo de la personalidad. Su puesta en vigencia facilita la Litis en la materia, reduce la carga procesal del Poder Judicial y transforma el foco del conflicto: de aquella referida a la determinación de la culpa para pasar a una negociación responsable de las consecuencias posteriores al matrimonio como lo es lo relativo a los alimentos, tenencia y liquidación de bienes de la sociedad. Finalmente, nuestra investigación, pone en consideración la afirmación normativa del divorcio incausado como la vía principal para la disolución matrimonial eficiente y digna en el sistema legal nacional.
This research explores the uncertain reality surrounding the dissolution of marriage and focuses on analyzing the social and legal viability of no-fault divorce as a means of dissolving a marital relationship, compared to the traditional grounds-based system. The objective of this research is to verify the feasibility of strengthening this mechanism within the national legal system, assessing its alignment with constitutional principles and verifying its social impact. The research is based on a legal-dogmatic approach and utilizes an exhaustive documentary review of national and international doctrine, comparative legislation, and recent jurisprudence, particularly those promoting the autonomy of Will and human dignity. It is argued that the traditional system, based on proving marital faults, is obsolete, detrimental to the spouse’s dignity, and contrary to the best interests of the child¸ as it forces litigation and the exposure of private life. The findings indicate that no-fault divorce not only has viable legal support, but is also a social necessity, as it is fully compatible with the fundamental right to the free development of one's personality. Its implementation simplifies litigation in this area, reduces the procedural burden on the Judiciary, and shifts the focus of the conflict from determining fault to a responsible negotiation of the post-marital consequences, such as alimony, custody, and division of marital property. Finally, our research supports the legal recognition of no-fault divorce as the primary avenue for efficient and dignified marital dissolution within the national legal system.
This research explores the uncertain reality surrounding the dissolution of marriage and focuses on analyzing the social and legal viability of no-fault divorce as a means of dissolving a marital relationship, compared to the traditional grounds-based system. The objective of this research is to verify the feasibility of strengthening this mechanism within the national legal system, assessing its alignment with constitutional principles and verifying its social impact. The research is based on a legal-dogmatic approach and utilizes an exhaustive documentary review of national and international doctrine, comparative legislation, and recent jurisprudence, particularly those promoting the autonomy of Will and human dignity. It is argued that the traditional system, based on proving marital faults, is obsolete, detrimental to the spouse’s dignity, and contrary to the best interests of the child¸ as it forces litigation and the exposure of private life. The findings indicate that no-fault divorce not only has viable legal support, but is also a social necessity, as it is fully compatible with the fundamental right to the free development of one's personality. Its implementation simplifies litigation in this area, reduces the procedural burden on the Judiciary, and shifts the focus of the conflict from determining fault to a responsible negotiation of the post-marital consequences, such as alimony, custody, and division of marital property. Finally, our research supports the legal recognition of no-fault divorce as the primary avenue for efficient and dignified marital dissolution within the national legal system.
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Viable, Necesidad Social, Dogmático Jurídico, Reducción de Conflictos, Viable, Social Need, Legal Dogmatics, Conflict Reduction
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