Factores asociados al embarazo en adolescentes en dos establecimientos de salud en la ciudad de Iquitos, 2023
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Date
2025-06-10
Journal Title
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Publisher
Universidad Científica del Perú
Abstract
Introducción
El embarazo en la adolescencia es considerado por la OMS como un
embarazo de alto riesgo, por las complicaciones que pueden presentar en la
salud de la madre y del niño. Dichas complicaciones suelen ser principal causa
de muerte materna.
Objetivo
Determinar los factores asociados al embarazo en adolescentes en dos
establecimientos de salud en la ciudad de Iquitos, 2023.
Metodología
Estudio de tipo cuantitativo, descriptivo, no experimental, de corte transversal
y retrospectivo, correlacional.
Resultados
Se encontró respecto a los factores sociodemográficos en los dos
establecimientos de salud estudiados: la edad que predominó fue la de 15 a
19 años, con 92.0% en el hospital Iquitos y 89.5% en el hospital III Iquitos
Essalud, Sobre el estado civil el 71.6% fueron convivientes en el hospital
Iquitos, mientras que en Essalud el 56.4% fueron solteras.
En cuanto a los factores biológicos y obstétricos, la “menarquia” para ambos
hospitales se obtuvo que las adolescentes tuvieron la menarquia entre las
edades de 12 a 14 años, con 70% en el Hospital Iquitos y 54.9% en el hospital
III Essalud, Sobre el “inicio de relaciones sexuales”, en ambos hospitales se
encontró que las adolescentes iniciaron las relaciones sexuales entre los 14 a
xii
16 años; 74.4% en el hospital Iquitos, y 69,9% en Essalud, respecto al “número
de parejas sexuales”, 67.6% tuvo de 1 a 2 parejas sexuales en el hospital
Iquitos, y en Essalud 69.2%. En cuanto al “uso de método anticonceptivo”
encontramos que 77.6% no usó método anticonceptivo en el hospital Iquitos,
y en Essalud 83.5%. Sobre la variable “fue víctima de violencia sexual o
psicológica” el 93.6% no fue víctima de violencia sexual en el hospital Iquitos,
y en Essalud 95.5%. Respecto a los factores familiares “vive con ambos
padres”, el 63.2% no vive con ambos padres en el hospital Iquitos y en Essalud
55.6%. Sobre el “consumo de drogas”, el 97.6% (244 casos) no consume
drogas en el hospital Iquitos y en Essalud 100% similar a lo encontrado por
Chambergo (8) 87.3% no consumió drogas, y diferente a Chávez (12)40% han
consumido bebidas alcohólicas.
El estudió determinó la asociación entre los factores sociodemográficos,
biológicos obstétricos, familiares y sociales.
Introduction Teenage pregnancy is considered a high-risk pregnancy by the WHO, due to the complications that adolescents can experience for the health of both mother and child. These complications are often the leading cause of maternal death. Objective To determine the factors associated with teenage pregnancy in two health facilities in the city of Iquitos, 2023. Methodology Quantitative, descriptive, non-experimental, cross-sectional, retrospective, correlational study. Results Regarding sociodemographic factors in the two health establishments studied, the following were found: the predominant age was 15 to 19 years, with 92.0% in the Iquitos hospital and 89.5% in the III Iquitos Essalud hospital. Regarding marital status, 71.6% were cohabiting in the Iquitos hospital, while in Essalud 56.4% were single. Regarding biological and obstetric factors, the “menarche” for both hospitals was found to be between the ages of 12 and 14, with 70% in the Iquitos Hospital and 54.9% in the III Essalud Hospital. Regarding the “beginning of sexual xiv relations”, in both hospitals it was found that the adolescents began sexual relations between the ages of 14 and 16; 74.4% at Iquitos Hospital and 69.9% at Essalud. Regarding the "number of sexual partners," 67.6% had one to two sexual partners at Iquitos Hospital and 69.2% at Essalud. Regarding the "use of contraception," we found that 77.6% did not use a contraceptive method at Iquitos Hospital and 83.5% at Essalud. Regarding the variable “was a victim of sexual or psychological violence” 93.6% were not victims of sexual violence at the Iquitos hospital, and 95.5% at Essalud. Regarding family factors “live with both parents”, 63.2% do not live with both parents at the Iquitos hospital and 55.6% at Essalud. Regarding “drug use”, 97.6% (244 cases) do not use drugs at the Iquitos hospital and 100% at Essalud, similar to what was found by Chambergo (8) 87.3% did not use drugs, and unlike Chávez (12) 40% have consumed alcoholic beverages. The study determined the association between sociodemographic, biological, obstetric, family and social factors.
Introduction Teenage pregnancy is considered a high-risk pregnancy by the WHO, due to the complications that adolescents can experience for the health of both mother and child. These complications are often the leading cause of maternal death. Objective To determine the factors associated with teenage pregnancy in two health facilities in the city of Iquitos, 2023. Methodology Quantitative, descriptive, non-experimental, cross-sectional, retrospective, correlational study. Results Regarding sociodemographic factors in the two health establishments studied, the following were found: the predominant age was 15 to 19 years, with 92.0% in the Iquitos hospital and 89.5% in the III Iquitos Essalud hospital. Regarding marital status, 71.6% were cohabiting in the Iquitos hospital, while in Essalud 56.4% were single. Regarding biological and obstetric factors, the “menarche” for both hospitals was found to be between the ages of 12 and 14, with 70% in the Iquitos Hospital and 54.9% in the III Essalud Hospital. Regarding the “beginning of sexual xiv relations”, in both hospitals it was found that the adolescents began sexual relations between the ages of 14 and 16; 74.4% at Iquitos Hospital and 69.9% at Essalud. Regarding the "number of sexual partners," 67.6% had one to two sexual partners at Iquitos Hospital and 69.2% at Essalud. Regarding the "use of contraception," we found that 77.6% did not use a contraceptive method at Iquitos Hospital and 83.5% at Essalud. Regarding the variable “was a victim of sexual or psychological violence” 93.6% were not victims of sexual violence at the Iquitos hospital, and 95.5% at Essalud. Regarding family factors “live with both parents”, 63.2% do not live with both parents at the Iquitos hospital and 55.6% at Essalud. Regarding “drug use”, 97.6% (244 cases) do not use drugs at the Iquitos hospital and 100% at Essalud, similar to what was found by Chambergo (8) 87.3% did not use drugs, and unlike Chávez (12) 40% have consumed alcoholic beverages. The study determined the association between sociodemographic, biological, obstetric, family and social factors.
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Keywords
Embarazo en adolescentes, Teenage pregnancy
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