Hostilidad laboral y salud mental: Responsabilidad empresarial en el marco del decreto supremo 004-2023-TR

Abstract

La investigación analizó la relación entre hostilidad laboral, salud mental y cumplimiento del Decreto Supremo 004-2023-TR en Iquitos. Mediante diseño mixto, se aplicaron instrumentos validados a 150 trabajadores y 30 abogados, complementados con 15 entrevistas. Los resultados evidencian que el 41% de trabajadores reporta hostilidad laboral, existiendo correlación negativa significativa entre el cumplimiento del decreto y la depresión (Rho = -0.476, p = 0.001). El cumplimiento empresarial es bajo (13.3% alto), con 63.6% de incumplimiento en PYMES por costos (71.1%) y falta de personal especializado (64.4%). Se concluye que el decreto es un avance normativo, pero su eficacia es limitada por baja implementación, insuficiente fiscalización y temor a represalias.
The research analyzed the relationship between labor hostility, mental health, and compliance with Supreme Decree 004-2023-TR in Iquitos. Using a mixed-methods design, validated instruments were applied to 150 workers and 30 lawyers, complemented by 15 interviews. Results show that 41% of workers report labor hostility, with a significant negative correlation between decree compliance and depression (Rho = -0.476, p = 0.001). Corporate compliance is low (13.3% high), with 63.6% non-compliance in SMEs due to costs (71.1%) and lack of specialized personnel (64.4%). It is concluded that the decree represents a regulatory advance, but its effectiveness is limited by low implementation, insufficient supervision, and fear of reprisals.

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Hostilidad laboral, Salud mental, Responsabilidad empresarial, Riesgos psicosociales, Labor hostility, Mental health, Corporate responsibility, Psychosocial risks, Supreme Decree 004 - 2023 - TR, Decreto Supremo 00 4- 2023 - TR

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