Factores asociados a trastornos musculoesqueléticos en personal administrativo de un hospital de Iquitos, 2024
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2025-07-18
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Universidad Científica del Perú
Abstract
El objetivo del estudio fue determinar los factores asociados a trastornos musculoesqueléticos en el personal administrativo del Hospital Regional de Loreto, 2024. Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa, observacional, analítica y transversal en 123 trabajadores administrativos seleccionados por muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. La recolección de datos se realizó con una ficha validada y el Cuestionario Nórdico Estandarizado, evaluando síntomas en cuello, hombros, columna dorsal y lumbar. La lumbalgia fue el trastorno más prevalente (45.5%), seguida de la cervicalgia (43.9%) y la dorsalgia (42.3%). El dolor en hombro derecho alcanzó el 26.8%, en hombro izquierdo 17.1% y dolor bilateral 11.4%. Se encontró asociación significativa entre la cervicalgia y el tiempo de servicio (p < 0.05); el dolor bilateral en hombros se asoció con estado civil, tipo de contrato y tiempo de servicio (p < 0.05);y la lumbalgia con comorbilidades, tipo de contrato, estado nutricional, tiempo de servicio y cirugías previas (p < 0.05). No se hallaron asociaciones significativas con dorsalgia ni con los hombros por separado. Se concluye que diversos factores personales y laborales influyen en la aparición de estos trastornos, siendo necesaria la implementación de estrategias preventivas y ergonómicas para proteger la salud ocupacional.
The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with musculoskeletal disorders in administrative staff at the Regional Hospital of Loreto, 2024. A quantitative, observational, analytical, and cross-sectional study was conducted on 123 administrative workers selected through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. Data collection was carried out using a validated form and the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire, assessing symptoms in the neck, shoulders, thoracic spine, and lumbar spine. Low back pain was the most prevalent disorder (45.5%), followed by neck pain (43.9%) and upper back pain (42.3%). Right shoulder pain was reported by 26.8%, left shoulder pain by 17.1%, and bilateral shoulder pain by 11.4%. A significant association was found between neck pain and years of service (p < 0.05); bilateral shoulder pain was associated with marital status, contract type, and years of service (p < 0.05); and low back pain with comorbidities, contract type, nutritional status, years of service, and previous surgeries (p < 0.05). No significant associations were found with upper back pain or with individual shoulder pain. It is concluded that various personal and occupational factors influence the onset of these disorders, highlighting the need for preventive and ergonomic strategies to protect occupational health.
The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with musculoskeletal disorders in administrative staff at the Regional Hospital of Loreto, 2024. A quantitative, observational, analytical, and cross-sectional study was conducted on 123 administrative workers selected through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. Data collection was carried out using a validated form and the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire, assessing symptoms in the neck, shoulders, thoracic spine, and lumbar spine. Low back pain was the most prevalent disorder (45.5%), followed by neck pain (43.9%) and upper back pain (42.3%). Right shoulder pain was reported by 26.8%, left shoulder pain by 17.1%, and bilateral shoulder pain by 11.4%. A significant association was found between neck pain and years of service (p < 0.05); bilateral shoulder pain was associated with marital status, contract type, and years of service (p < 0.05); and low back pain with comorbidities, contract type, nutritional status, years of service, and previous surgeries (p < 0.05). No significant associations were found with upper back pain or with individual shoulder pain. It is concluded that various personal and occupational factors influence the onset of these disorders, highlighting the need for preventive and ergonomic strategies to protect occupational health.
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Trastornos musculoesqueléticos, Ergonomía, Salud ocupacional, Musculoskeletal disorders, Ergonomics, Occupational health
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