Factores asociados a macrosomía fetal en dos hospitales de la ciudad de Iquitos 2022 - 2023
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Date
2025-07-22
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Universidad Científica del Perú
Abstract
Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados a la macrosomía fetal en dos hospitales de la ciudad de Iquitos, 2022-2023. Metodología: El estudio es de enfoque cuantitativo, de diseño descriptivo, transversal, retrospectivo y analítico de casos y controles. Entre 2022 y 2023, se recolectó información de 203 madres con recién nacidos macrosómicos (105 del HRL y 98 de EsSALUD) y 406 madres sin macrosomía (210 en el HRL y 196 en EsSALUD), cumpliendo los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Se analiza los datos a través de la prueba de chi-cuadrado determinando la significancia estadística entre las variables.
Resultados: Los factores asociados a recién nacidos macrosómicos son: educación superior (OR=1.575, p=0.000), secundaria (OR=1.358, p=0.000) y ser soltera (OR=2.54, p=0.000), antecedente de recién nacido macrosómicos (OR= 3.963, p=0.000), obesidad (OR=1.976, p=0.000), gran multiparidad (OR=2.848, p=0.000), diabetes (OR=4.33, p=0.000) e hipertensión inducida en el embarazo (OR=3.27, p=0.000). Conclusión: Existen características sociodemográficas y obstétricas que se asocian con la macrosomía fetal.
Objective: To determine the factors associated with fetal macrosomia in two hospitals in the city of Iquitos, 2022-2023. Methodology: The study is quantitative in approach, descriptive in design, cross-sectional, retrospective, and analytical of cases and controls. Between 2022 and 2023, information was collected from 203 mothers with macrosomic newborns (105 from HRL and 98 from EsSALUD) and 406 mothers without macrosomia (210 at HRL and 196 at EsSALUD), meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test to determine the statistical significance between the variables. Results: The factors associated with macrosomic newborns are: higher education (OR=1.575, p=0.000), secondary education (OR=1.358, p=0.000), and being single (OR=2.54, p=0.000), a history of macrosomic newborns (OR= 3.963, p=0.000), obesity (OR=1.976, p=0.000), high multiparity (OR=2.848, p=0.000), diabetes (OR=4.33, p=0.000), and pregnancy-induced hypertension (OR=3.27, p=0.000). Conclusion: There are sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics associated with fetal macrosomia.
Objective: To determine the factors associated with fetal macrosomia in two hospitals in the city of Iquitos, 2022-2023. Methodology: The study is quantitative in approach, descriptive in design, cross-sectional, retrospective, and analytical of cases and controls. Between 2022 and 2023, information was collected from 203 mothers with macrosomic newborns (105 from HRL and 98 from EsSALUD) and 406 mothers without macrosomia (210 at HRL and 196 at EsSALUD), meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test to determine the statistical significance between the variables. Results: The factors associated with macrosomic newborns are: higher education (OR=1.575, p=0.000), secondary education (OR=1.358, p=0.000), and being single (OR=2.54, p=0.000), a history of macrosomic newborns (OR= 3.963, p=0.000), obesity (OR=1.976, p=0.000), high multiparity (OR=2.848, p=0.000), diabetes (OR=4.33, p=0.000), and pregnancy-induced hypertension (OR=3.27, p=0.000). Conclusion: There are sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics associated with fetal macrosomia.
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Factores, Macrosómicos, Recién Nacidos, Factors, Macrosomic, Newborns
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