Salud cognitiva del adulto mayor que vive en la comunidad: variables relacionadas
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2024-12-12
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Universidad Científica del Perú
Abstract
Dado que la cognición influye en la autonomía y calidad de vida de los adultos mayores, se ejecutó este estudio observacional correlacional con el objetivo de determinar los factores relacionados a la salud cognitiva del adulto mayor que reside en la comunidad. A 300 adultos mayores se aplicó una batería que contenía un cuestionario, el Test miniexamen cognitivo de Lobo y el Índice de Yesavagge. Los datos fueron procesados mediante el programa estadístico SPSS versión 26. La media de la edad fue de 70.5+9años, el 53% eran de sexo femenino. En forma mayoritaria, calificaron a la salud percibida como regular, fundamentalmente a la salud en comparación de hace un año (78.0%), seguida de salud percibida en comparación con iguales (67.3%). El 72% informó padecer de alguna enfermedad, siendo más frecuentes la hipertensión arterial y la diabetes mellitus. El 15.3% presentó algún grado de depresión. El 15.4% deprivación auditiva. Mas de la mitad de los adultos mayores presentaron algún grado de deterioro cognitivo (51.7%) principalmente las mujeres. Los factores que mostraron relación estadística significativa con la salud cognitiva fueron la edad, instrucción, salud percibida, el padecer diabetes mellitus, tiempo de enfermedad, deprivación auditiva y el estado de ánimo (p<0.05).
Since cognition influences older adults' autonomy and quality of life, this observational, correlational study was carried out to determine the factors related to the cognitive health of community-dwelling older adults. A battery containing a questionnaire, the Lobo Mini-Cognitive Examination Test, and the Yesavagge Index were administered to 300 older adults. The data were processed using the SPSS version 26 statistical program. The mean age was 70.5+9 years, and 53% were female. The majority rated their perceived health as fair, mainly health compared to one year ago (78.0%), followed by perceived health compared to peers (67.3%). Seventy-two percent reported suffering from some disease, with arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus being the most frequent. Some degree of depression was reported by 15.3%—hearing deprivation (15.4%). More than half of the older adults presented some degree of cognitive impairment (51.7%), mainly women. The factors that showed a statistically significant relationship with cognitive health were age, education, perceived health, diabetes mellitus, time of illness, hearing deprivation, and mood (p<0.05). Keywords: aging- cognition- depression.
Since cognition influences older adults' autonomy and quality of life, this observational, correlational study was carried out to determine the factors related to the cognitive health of community-dwelling older adults. A battery containing a questionnaire, the Lobo Mini-Cognitive Examination Test, and the Yesavagge Index were administered to 300 older adults. The data were processed using the SPSS version 26 statistical program. The mean age was 70.5+9 years, and 53% were female. The majority rated their perceived health as fair, mainly health compared to one year ago (78.0%), followed by perceived health compared to peers (67.3%). Seventy-two percent reported suffering from some disease, with arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus being the most frequent. Some degree of depression was reported by 15.3%—hearing deprivation (15.4%). More than half of the older adults presented some degree of cognitive impairment (51.7%), mainly women. The factors that showed a statistically significant relationship with cognitive health were age, education, perceived health, diabetes mellitus, time of illness, hearing deprivation, and mood (p<0.05). Keywords: aging- cognition- depression.
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Envejecimiento- cognición, Depresión, Aging, Cognition, Depression
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