Prevalencia de incompatibilidad sanguínea detectada mediante el test de coombs indirecto en gestantes del hospital III Iquitos Essalud durante el año 2024
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2026-05-15
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Científica del Perú
Abstract
El propósito de esta investigación fue determinar la prevalencia de incompatibilidad sanguínea identificada mediante la prueba de Coombs indirecto en gestantes atendidas en el Hospital III Iquitos EsSalud durante el año 2024. Material y métodos: El estudio tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo y fue de tipo descriptivo-correlacional. Se trabajó con un diseño no experimental y de corte transversal. Se evaluó la presencia de incompatibilidad sanguínea y su relación con algunos factores asociados. Para analizar y procesar la información obtenida, se utilizó el programa estadístico SPSS versión 25. Resultados: Los resultados evidenciaron que el 81 % de las gestantes dieron negativo al test de Coombs indirecto y el 19 % resultaron positivo. La mayor frecuencia de incompatibilidad se dio en gestantes con grupo sanguíneo O Rh positivo con 55.3 %. Entre las complicaciones en gestantes más frecuente fue la amenaza de aborto con 36.8 % y la placenta previa fue la menos frecuente con 13.2 %. Asimismo, la incompatibilidad fue más frecuente en las gestantes en su segundo embarazo con 39.5 % y con menor frecuencia se presentó en aquellas con más de cuatro gestaciones con 2,6 %. Conclusiones: Hubo mayor cantidad de gestantes con resultado negativo en el test de Coombs indirecto. Es importante realizar un adecuado seguimiento durante el embarazo para identificar oportunamente los casos de incompatibilidad sanguínea especialmente en gestantes con grupo O Rh positivo y antecedentes obstétricos. Esto permitirá prevenir complicaciones y mejorar la atención de la madre y el recién nacido en el Hospital III Iquitos EsSalud.
The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of blood incompatibility identified through the indirect Coombs test in pregnant women treated at Hospital III Iquitos EsSalud during 2024. Materials and Methods: The study had a quantitative approach and was descriptive-correlational in nature. A non-experimental, cross-sectional design was used. The presence of blood incompatibility and its relationship with some associated factors were evaluated. The data were processed and analyzed using the SPSS version 25 statistical software. Results: The results showed that 81% of the pregnant women had a negative indirect Coombs test, while 19% had a positive result. Blood incompatibility was more frequent among pregnant women with blood group O Rh-positive, accounting for 55.3%. Among the complications, threatened miscarriage was the most frequent, with 36.8%, while placenta previa was the least frequent, with 13.2%. Likewise, blood incompatibility was more frequent among women in their second pregnancy, with 39.5%, and les frequent among those with more than four pregnancies, with 2.6%. Conclusions:Most pregnant women had a negative indirect Coombs test result. Adequate follow-up during pregnancy is important to identify cases of blood incompatibility in a timely manner, especially among pregnant women with O Rh-positive blood group and obstetric history. This will help prevent complications and improve care for both the mother and newborn at Hospital III Iquitos EsSalud.
The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of blood incompatibility identified through the indirect Coombs test in pregnant women treated at Hospital III Iquitos EsSalud during 2024. Materials and Methods: The study had a quantitative approach and was descriptive-correlational in nature. A non-experimental, cross-sectional design was used. The presence of blood incompatibility and its relationship with some associated factors were evaluated. The data were processed and analyzed using the SPSS version 25 statistical software. Results: The results showed that 81% of the pregnant women had a negative indirect Coombs test, while 19% had a positive result. Blood incompatibility was more frequent among pregnant women with blood group O Rh-positive, accounting for 55.3%. Among the complications, threatened miscarriage was the most frequent, with 36.8%, while placenta previa was the least frequent, with 13.2%. Likewise, blood incompatibility was more frequent among women in their second pregnancy, with 39.5%, and les frequent among those with more than four pregnancies, with 2.6%. Conclusions:Most pregnant women had a negative indirect Coombs test result. Adequate follow-up during pregnancy is important to identify cases of blood incompatibility in a timely manner, especially among pregnant women with O Rh-positive blood group and obstetric history. This will help prevent complications and improve care for both the mother and newborn at Hospital III Iquitos EsSalud.
Description
Keywords
Incompatibilidad sanguínea, Test de Coombs indirecto, Gestantes, Blood incompatibility, Indirect Coombs test, Pregnant women