Conocimientos y estilos de vida sobre la diabetes mellitus tipo II en adultos atendidos en una institución de salud en San Juan, Iquitos 2024
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Date
2025-05-29
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Universidad Científica del Perú
Abstract
Este estudio se plantea como objetivo establecer la relación que existe
entre los conocimientos y los estilos de vida que se tienen sobre la diabetes
mellitus tipo II en adultos que fueron atendidos en una institución de salud
en San Juan-Iquitos durante diciembre del 2024 hasta enero del 2025. Se
utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo bajo diseño no experimental descriptivo
correlacional y prospectivo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 88 adultos
usuarios del establecimiento de salud I-3 América en Iquitos. Para la
recolección de datos se utilizó una encuesta con un cuestionario
previamente validado (valor de 0.816) y altamente confiable (Alfa de
Cronbach 0.817). Los resultados muestran que los participantes de este
estudio con una mayor cantidad de estilo de vida saludable presentaban
conocimientos básicos, por lo tanto, el nivel de conocimientos sobre la
diabetes tipo II influía positivamente en la calidad de vida que llevaban los
participantes. Un 44.4% presentó alto, 35.2% medio y 20.4% bajo
conocimiento sobre diabetes mellitus tipo II. En cuanto a estilo de vida,
45.5% saludable, 33.0% moderadamente saludable y 21.5% no saludable.
Se destaca que el 36.4% de los adultos con alto conocimiento mantuvieron
estilo de vida saludable, mientras que el 13.6% con bajo conocimiento
mantenía un estilo de vida poco saludable. Finalmente, se estableció una
relación estadísticamente significativa entre las dos variables (X² = 28.72;
p < 0.05), por lo que se concluyó que un mayor nivel de conocimiento
favorece la adopción de estilos de vida saludables. De ahí que se enfatiza
el fortalecimiento de la educación en salud como fundamental para mejorar
la calidad de vida de esta población.
This study aims to establish the relationship between knowledge and lifestyle choices regarding type II diabetes mellitus in adults who were treated at a health institution in San Juan-Iquitos from December 2024 to January 2025. A quantitative approach was used under a non-experimental, descriptive, correlational, and prospective design. The sample consisted of 88 adult users of the I-3 América health facility in Iquitos. A survey with a previously validated (value of 0.816) and highly reliable (Cronbach's alpha 0.817) questionnaire was used for data collection. The results show that participants in this study with a greater amount of healthy lifestyle knowledge presented basic knowledge; therefore, the level of knowledge about type II diabetes positively influenced the quality of life of the participants. 44.4% presented high, 35.2% medium, and 20.4% low knowledge about type II diabetes mellitus. Regarding lifestyle, 45.5% were healthy, 33.0% were moderately healthy, and 21.5% were unhealthy. It is noteworthy that 36.4% of adults with high knowledge maintained a healthy lifestyle, while 13.6% with low knowledge maintained an unhealthy lifestyle. Finally, a statistically significant relationship was established between the two variables (X² = 28.72; p < 0.05), leading to the conclusion that a higher level of knowledge favors the adoption of healthy lifestyles. Therefore, the strengthening of health education is emphasized as fundamental to improving the quality of life of this population.
This study aims to establish the relationship between knowledge and lifestyle choices regarding type II diabetes mellitus in adults who were treated at a health institution in San Juan-Iquitos from December 2024 to January 2025. A quantitative approach was used under a non-experimental, descriptive, correlational, and prospective design. The sample consisted of 88 adult users of the I-3 América health facility in Iquitos. A survey with a previously validated (value of 0.816) and highly reliable (Cronbach's alpha 0.817) questionnaire was used for data collection. The results show that participants in this study with a greater amount of healthy lifestyle knowledge presented basic knowledge; therefore, the level of knowledge about type II diabetes positively influenced the quality of life of the participants. 44.4% presented high, 35.2% medium, and 20.4% low knowledge about type II diabetes mellitus. Regarding lifestyle, 45.5% were healthy, 33.0% were moderately healthy, and 21.5% were unhealthy. It is noteworthy that 36.4% of adults with high knowledge maintained a healthy lifestyle, while 13.6% with low knowledge maintained an unhealthy lifestyle. Finally, a statistically significant relationship was established between the two variables (X² = 28.72; p < 0.05), leading to the conclusion that a higher level of knowledge favors the adoption of healthy lifestyles. Therefore, the strengthening of health education is emphasized as fundamental to improving the quality of life of this population.
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Keywords
Conocimientos, Estilos de vida, Adultos y diabetes mellitus tipo II, Knowledge, Lifestyles, Adults, And type II diabetes mellitu
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