Implementación de lean manufacturing aplicando la herramienta 5s del saldo de metas del proyecto creación del servicio de transitabilidad en el tramo de Santa María de Fátima y Santa Rosa del Amazonas, Belén Maynas - Loreto 2025
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Date
2026-07-09
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Universidad Científica del Perú
Abstract
En el marco de este proyecto de investigación, titulado " Implementación de lean manufacturing aplicando la herramienta 5S del saldo de metas del Proyecto: Creación del servicio de transitabilidad en el tramo de Santa María de Fátima y Santa Rosa del Amazonas, Belén-Maynas-Loreto 2025.", Mejorar la calidad de
los procesos operativos con manufacturing aplicando la herramienta 5s en las diversas áreas en la etapa de ejecución del saldo de metas del proyecto La escasa productividad fue el primer inconveniente que se identificó. Dicha escasez se caracterizaba por la desorganización en las zonas laborales, la pérdida de materiales y el incumplimiento recurrente de los calendarios establecidos.
La metodología utilizada se llevó a cabo mediante un diseño longitudinal cuasiexperimental y una perspectiva cuantitativa. La muestra estuvo formada por muestreo no probabilístico, por conveniencia o criterio, porque se trabaja de manera directa con el personal disponible y asignado a cada etapa del proyecto. De la misma forma, la población está constituida por todos los trabajadores de obra involucrados dentro del proyecto. Se llevaron a cabo pruebas antes y después de la intervención para evaluar las variables. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante encuestas de hitos temporales y físicos, así como hojas de observación. En el periodo de diagnóstico, también llamado pretest, que se desarrolló de mayo a agosto de 2025, se constató que la eficiencia promedio llegó al 63,16%, en tanto que la efectividad promedio fue del 51,28%. La productividad total alcanzó un nivel crítico debido a estas instrucciones, las cuales evidenciaron una mala administración de los recursos y el no cumplimiento de las metas
mensuales. Esto comprometió que el proyecto se completara dentro del tiempo establecido. Seiri (Clasificar) se ocupó de eliminar los objetos innecesarios del entorno laboral; Seiton (Ordenar) orquestó la fluidez de materiales; Seiso (Limpiar) afinó
las condiciones de seguridad; Seiketsu (Estandarizar) orquestó la creación de protocolos de trabajo; y Shitsuke (Mantener) impulsó la dedicación de los trabajadores. Con el objetivo de mejorar la calidad ambiental, se aplicarán medidas que vayan en la dirección correcta. Desde la puesta en práctica del método propuesto en el siglo XX. Entre septiembre y diciembre de 2025. Seiri (Clasificar) se ocupará de eliminar lo que no se necesita. Seiton (Ordenar) se optimizará el flujo de materiales. Seiso (Limpiar) mejorará las condiciones de seguridad. Seiketsu (Estandarizar) instauración de protocolos de trabajo. Shitsuke (Mantener) cultivación del compromiso de los trabajadores. El nivel de eficiencia alcanzó el 95.32 por ciento y el nivel de efectividad logró el 95.81 por ciento. Que el aumento de efectividad y eficiencia sea de un 32,16% y de un 44,53% respectivamente muestra que la arquitectura del espacio de trabajo condiciona en gran medida el desarrollo de las actividades. Con respecto a la prueba de hipótesis, se logró rechazar la hipótesis nula utilizando el análisis inferencial, confirmándose que la implementación del enfoque 5S de Kaisen, incrementa de forma considerable la productividad del proyecto de transitabilidad. Los estudios muestran que el orden y la homogeneidad no solamente suponen un ahorro en costos operativos, sino que ayudan a cumplir los objetivos materiales en zonas alejadas como la cuenca amazónica. En síntesis, los resultados de la investigación muestran que el Kaisen es un enfoque viable y económico para las empresas constructoras de la región de Loreto. Es aconsejable capacitar al personal de forma continua, así como realizar auditorías internas con frecuencia con el objetivo de mantener los niveles de productividad alcanzados y la no vuelta al caos del tramo Santa María de Fátima - Santa Rosa.
Within the framework of this research project, entitled "Implementation of Lean Manufacturing by Applying the 5S Tool to the Project's Final Goals: Creation of the Transit Service on the Santa María de Fátima and Santa Rosa del Amazonas Section, Belén-Maynas-Loreto 2025," the aim was to improve the quality of operational processes by applying the 5S tool in various areas during the project's final goal execution phase. The low productivity was the first issue that was identified. This scarcity was characterized by disorganization in work areas, loss of materials, and recurrent non-compliance with established schedules. The methodology used was carried out thru a quasi-experimental longitudinal design and a quantitative perspective. The sample was formed by non-probabilistic sampling, by convenience or criterion, because it works directly with the available personnel assigned to each stage of the project. Similarly, the population consists of all the construction workers involved in the project. Tests were conducted before and after the intervention to evaluate the variables. Data collection was carried out thru surveys of temporal and physical milestones, as well as observation sheets. In the diagnostic period, also called the pretest, which took place from May to August 2025, it was found that the average efficiency reached 63.16%, while the average effectiveness was 51.28%. Total productivity reached a critical level due to these instructions, which evidenced poor resource management and the failure to meet monthly goals. This compromised the completion of the project within the established time frame. Seiri (Sorting) focused on eliminating unnecessary objects from the work environment; Seiton (Ordering) orchestrated the flow of materials; Seiso (Cleaning) refined safety conditions; Seiketsu (Standardizing) orchestrated the creation of work protocols; and Shitsuke (Maintaining) fostered worker dedication. With the goal of improving environmental quality, measures will be implemented that move in the right direction. Since the implementation of the method proposed in the 20th century, between September and December 2025, Seiri (Sorting) will focus on eliminating what is not needed. Seiton (Ordering) Will optimize the flow of materials. Seiso (Cleaning) will improve safety conditions. Seiketsu (Standardizing) will establish work protocols. Shitsuke (Maintaining) Will cultivate worker commitment. The efficiency level reached 95.32 percent, and the effectiveness level reached 95.81 percent. The fact that the increase in effectiveness and efficiency is 32.16% and 44.53%, respectively, shows that the architecture of the workspace significantly influences the development of activities. Regarding the hypothesis test, the null hypothesis was rejected using inferential analysis, confirming that the implementation of the Kaizen 5S approach considerably increases the productivity of the road improvement project. Studies show that order and consistency not only result in savings in operating costs but also help achieve material objectives in remote areas such as the Amazon basin. In summary, the research results show that Kaizen is a viable and economical approach for construction companies in the Loreto region. It is advisable to provide ongoing staff training and conduct frequent internal audits to maintain the achieved productivity levels and prevent a return to the chaos of the Santa María de Fátima - Santa Rosa section.
Within the framework of this research project, entitled "Implementation of Lean Manufacturing by Applying the 5S Tool to the Project's Final Goals: Creation of the Transit Service on the Santa María de Fátima and Santa Rosa del Amazonas Section, Belén-Maynas-Loreto 2025," the aim was to improve the quality of operational processes by applying the 5S tool in various areas during the project's final goal execution phase. The low productivity was the first issue that was identified. This scarcity was characterized by disorganization in work areas, loss of materials, and recurrent non-compliance with established schedules. The methodology used was carried out thru a quasi-experimental longitudinal design and a quantitative perspective. The sample was formed by non-probabilistic sampling, by convenience or criterion, because it works directly with the available personnel assigned to each stage of the project. Similarly, the population consists of all the construction workers involved in the project. Tests were conducted before and after the intervention to evaluate the variables. Data collection was carried out thru surveys of temporal and physical milestones, as well as observation sheets. In the diagnostic period, also called the pretest, which took place from May to August 2025, it was found that the average efficiency reached 63.16%, while the average effectiveness was 51.28%. Total productivity reached a critical level due to these instructions, which evidenced poor resource management and the failure to meet monthly goals. This compromised the completion of the project within the established time frame. Seiri (Sorting) focused on eliminating unnecessary objects from the work environment; Seiton (Ordering) orchestrated the flow of materials; Seiso (Cleaning) refined safety conditions; Seiketsu (Standardizing) orchestrated the creation of work protocols; and Shitsuke (Maintaining) fostered worker dedication. With the goal of improving environmental quality, measures will be implemented that move in the right direction. Since the implementation of the method proposed in the 20th century, between September and December 2025, Seiri (Sorting) will focus on eliminating what is not needed. Seiton (Ordering) Will optimize the flow of materials. Seiso (Cleaning) will improve safety conditions. Seiketsu (Standardizing) will establish work protocols. Shitsuke (Maintaining) Will cultivate worker commitment. The efficiency level reached 95.32 percent, and the effectiveness level reached 95.81 percent. The fact that the increase in effectiveness and efficiency is 32.16% and 44.53%, respectively, shows that the architecture of the workspace significantly influences the development of activities. Regarding the hypothesis test, the null hypothesis was rejected using inferential analysis, confirming that the implementation of the Kaizen 5S approach considerably increases the productivity of the road improvement project. Studies show that order and consistency not only result in savings in operating costs but also help achieve material objectives in remote areas such as the Amazon basin. In summary, the research results show that Kaizen is a viable and economical approach for construction companies in the Loreto region. It is advisable to provide ongoing staff training and conduct frequent internal audits to maintain the achieved productivity levels and prevent a return to the chaos of the Santa María de Fátima - Santa Rosa section.
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5S Kaizen, Productividad, Eficiencia, Eficacia, Transitabilidad, Infraestructura vial, 5S Kaisen, Productivity, Efficiency, Efficacy, Transitability, Road infrastructure
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