Prevalencia de anemia en embarazadas atendidas en el centro de atención primaria II Caballococha Essalud de enero a diciembre del 2023
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Date
2025-02-12
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Universidad Científica del Perú
Abstract
Actualmente existe un desconocimiento del número de mujeres
embarazadas con anemia en muchos centros de salud de la zona rural de
Loreto. Motivo por el cual nuestra investigación tuvo como objetivo
determinar la prevalencia de anemia en gestantes atendidas en el Centro
de Atención Primaria II Caballococha EsSalud entre enero a diciembre del
2023.
Material y métodos: Este estudio es de tipo cuantitativo,
retrospectivo y con un enfoque descriptivo no experimental. Se analizó una
muestra de 990 pacientes, utilizando el hemoglobinómetro HemoCue® Hb
301 para las mediciones de hemoglobina y el programa estadístico SPSS
versión 25 para el procesamiento de los datos.
Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que el 11.6% de las
gestantes presentaron anemia, específicamente en mujeres entre los 15 a
25 años (56.5%) y en aquellos que conviven (59.1%). También,
identificamos que durante el segundo trimestre del embarazo la anemia fue
muy frecuente (41.7%). De este último, la anemia del tipo leve fue la más
común (56.5%). Todo esto indica que los casos detectados fueron
moderadamente graves.
Conclusiones: El análisis de la frecuencia de anemia en mujeres
gestantes determino que el 88.4% no presentaron anemia, es decir una
óptima salud. El rango de edad con mayore frecuencia de anemia fueron
entre los 15 a 25 años y los que convivían, con 56.5 y 59.1 %
respectivamente. De la misma forma, identificamos la mayor prevalencia de
anemia se encuentran durante el segundo trimestre del embarazo (41.7%).
Más de la mitad de los casos de anemia analizados fueron leves (56.5%).
Nuestra identificación destaca los efectos positivos tanto de la detección
temprana como el tratamiento preventivo de la anemia en la población.
Palabras Claves:
Currently there is a lack of knowledge about the number of pregnant women with anaemia in many health centres in rural Loreto. For this reason, our research aimed to determine the prevalence of anaemia in pregnant women attended at the Primary Care Centre II Caballococha EsSalud between January and December 2023. Material and methods: This study is quantitative, retrospective, and has a non-experimental descriptive approach. A sample of 990 patients was analyzed, using the HemoCue® Hb 301 hemoglobinometer for hemoglobin measurements and the SPSS version 25 statistical program for data processing. Results: The results showed that 11.6% of pregnant women were anaemic, specifically in women aged 15-25 years (56.5%) and in those who live together (59.1%). We also identified that during the second trimester of pregnancy anaemia was very frequent (41.7%). Of the latter, mild anaemia was the most common (56.5%). All this indicates that the cases detected were moderately severe.. Conclusions: Analysis of the frequency of anaemia in pregnant women determined that 88.4% were not anaemic, i.e. in optimal health. The age range with the highest frequency of anaemia was between 15 and 25 years of age and those living together, with 56.5 and 59.1 % respectively. Similarly, we identified the highest prevalence of anaemia to be found during the second trimester of pregnancy (41.7%). More than half of the anaemia cases analysed were mild (56.5%). Our identification highlights the positive effects of both early detection and preventive treatment of anaemia in the population.
Currently there is a lack of knowledge about the number of pregnant women with anaemia in many health centres in rural Loreto. For this reason, our research aimed to determine the prevalence of anaemia in pregnant women attended at the Primary Care Centre II Caballococha EsSalud between January and December 2023. Material and methods: This study is quantitative, retrospective, and has a non-experimental descriptive approach. A sample of 990 patients was analyzed, using the HemoCue® Hb 301 hemoglobinometer for hemoglobin measurements and the SPSS version 25 statistical program for data processing. Results: The results showed that 11.6% of pregnant women were anaemic, specifically in women aged 15-25 years (56.5%) and in those who live together (59.1%). We also identified that during the second trimester of pregnancy anaemia was very frequent (41.7%). Of the latter, mild anaemia was the most common (56.5%). All this indicates that the cases detected were moderately severe.. Conclusions: Analysis of the frequency of anaemia in pregnant women determined that 88.4% were not anaemic, i.e. in optimal health. The age range with the highest frequency of anaemia was between 15 and 25 years of age and those living together, with 56.5 and 59.1 % respectively. Similarly, we identified the highest prevalence of anaemia to be found during the second trimester of pregnancy (41.7%). More than half of the anaemia cases analysed were mild (56.5%). Our identification highlights the positive effects of both early detection and preventive treatment of anaemia in the population.
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Anemia, Prevalencia, Hemoglobina, Anemia, Prevalence, Hemoglobin
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