Prevalencia de niveles elevados del antígeno prostático específico en pacientes atendidos en los servicios médicos generales San Juan SRL durante el año 2024
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2026-07-24
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Universidad Científica del Perú
Abstract
El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo responder a la siguiente pregunta de investigación: ¿cuál es la prevalencia de niveles elevados de antígeno prostático específico (PSA) en pacientes que fueron atendidos en los Servicios Médicos Generales San Juan SRL en el año 2024?. La finalidad única de este trabajo de investigación fue establecer la prevalencia de niveles elevados del antígeno prostático específico (PSA), en pacientes atendidos en los Servicios Médicos Generales San Juan SRL de la ciudad de Iquitos en el año 2024.
Material y métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio de tipo cuantitativo, tipo correlacional descriptivo, de diseño no experimental, tipo retrospectivo, transversal. La población de estudio estuvo formada por los pacientes hombres atendidos en los Servicios Médicos Generales San Juan SRL durante el año 2024., que se realizaron la prueba de antígeno prostático específico (PSA) total, con su respectivo resultado. Se procesaron 285 resultados, tratando las variables respectivas de edad, nivel de instrucción y antecedentes familiares de cáncer de próstata. Por otra parte, la asociación entre los niveles de PSA y las variables evaluadas fue también determinada mediante la prueba estadística de chi-cuadrado (χ²).
Resultados: De 285 pacientes evaluados, el 85,6 % presentó valores de PSA normales (≤ 4 ng/mL), en tanto que el 14,4 % de los pacientes presentaron niveles de PSA elevados (> 4 ng/mL). Los niveles de PSA elevados fueron más frecuentemente encontrados entre los pacientes con edades entre 61 y 70 años, encontrándose asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el nivel de la edad y los niveles de PSA (χ² = 8.34; p = 0,032). En cuanto al nivel de instrucción y los antecedentes familiares de cáncer prostático no se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa respecto de los niveles de PSA (p > 0,05).
Conclusiones: La gran parte de los pacientes atendidos nos entregó niveles de PSA dentro de lo que constituyen los valores normales. No obstante, se determinó un grupo de pacientes con niveles elevadísimos de PSA, lo que pone de relieve la gran importancia que tiene la evaluación del antígeno prostático específico como técnica de detección oportuna de una posible alteración prostática.
The present study aimed to address the following research question: What is the prevalence of elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in patients attended at Servicios Médicos Generales San Juan SRL during the year 2024? This study aims to answer the research question: What percentage of patients attending Servicios Médicos Generales San Juan SRL in 2024 have an abnormal (though this may be considered high) PSA (prostate-specific antigen) reading? Material and methods: A quantitative descriptive-correlational study was conducted using a non-experimental, cross-sectional, and retrospective design. The study population consisted of male patients attended at Servicios Médicos Generales San Juan SRL during 2024 who underwent total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing. A total of 285 test results were analyzed, considering variables such as age, educational level, and family history of prostate cancer. In addition, the association between PSA levels and the studied variables was assessed using the chi-square (χ²) statistical test. Results: Of the total number of patients in our study (n=285), 85.6% had an acceptable PSA level (≤4 ng/mL) and 14.4% had an elevated PSA level (>4 ng/mL). The younger age groups (aged 61 to 70) had the highest percentage of elevated PSA levels with a statistically significant association found between PSA levels and age (χ² = 8.34; p = 0.032) while there were no other statistically significant associations with education or family history of prostate cancer (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The majority of the patients in our study had normal PSA levels; however, we were able to identify a subset of patients who had elevated PSA levels. Therefore, PSA should be considered one of the most important methods for detecting early signs and symptoms of potential prostate problems.
The present study aimed to address the following research question: What is the prevalence of elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in patients attended at Servicios Médicos Generales San Juan SRL during the year 2024? This study aims to answer the research question: What percentage of patients attending Servicios Médicos Generales San Juan SRL in 2024 have an abnormal (though this may be considered high) PSA (prostate-specific antigen) reading? Material and methods: A quantitative descriptive-correlational study was conducted using a non-experimental, cross-sectional, and retrospective design. The study population consisted of male patients attended at Servicios Médicos Generales San Juan SRL during 2024 who underwent total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing. A total of 285 test results were analyzed, considering variables such as age, educational level, and family history of prostate cancer. In addition, the association between PSA levels and the studied variables was assessed using the chi-square (χ²) statistical test. Results: Of the total number of patients in our study (n=285), 85.6% had an acceptable PSA level (≤4 ng/mL) and 14.4% had an elevated PSA level (>4 ng/mL). The younger age groups (aged 61 to 70) had the highest percentage of elevated PSA levels with a statistically significant association found between PSA levels and age (χ² = 8.34; p = 0.032) while there were no other statistically significant associations with education or family history of prostate cancer (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The majority of the patients in our study had normal PSA levels; however, we were able to identify a subset of patients who had elevated PSA levels. Therefore, PSA should be considered one of the most important methods for detecting early signs and symptoms of potential prostate problems.
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Próstata específico de antígeno, PSA, Prevalencia del cáncer de próstata, Prostate-specific antigen, Prostate cancer, Incidence
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