Propiedades físicas y mecánicas de la madera machimango negro, para su uso en construcción, Iquitos 2023
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Date
2025-03-10
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Universidad Científica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación abarca el estudio físico y mecánico de la
madera machimango negro Eschweilera coreacea, procedente de un
bosque natural de las inmediaciones de la capital del distrito de Alto
Nanay, provincia de Maynas - Perú. La investigación es de enfoque
cuantitativo, nivel descriptivo y de diseño no experimental. Se aplicó la
estadística descriptiva para el procesamiento de la información. Los
resultados indican que esta especie de madera tiene una densidad
comprendida entre 1.091 gr/cm3 y 1.123 gr/cm3, siendo el promedio de
1.113 gr/cm3, correspondiendo el valor inferior a un contenido de
humedad de 14.58%, y el valor superior a 14.78%. El ensayo de
compresión perpendicular a la fibra arrojó valores de esfuerzo al límite
proporcional comprendidos en el intervalo de 490 kg/cm2 y 650 kg/cm2,
siendo el promedio de 520 kg/cm2, correspondiendo a una deformación
por compresión promedio de 5.85 mm; y, siendo la carga proporcional al
límite promedio de 12485 kg. El ensayo a la flexión en viga arrojó
valores de esfuerzo de la fibra al límite proporcional comprendidos en el
intervalo de 1993 kg/cm2 y 2011 kg/cm2, siendo el promedio alcanzado
de 1997 kg/cm2; correspondiéndole una carga promedio al límite
proporcional de 757 kg/cm2. Y el módulo de rotura estuvo comprendido
en el intervalo de 2,702kg/cm2 y 2,946 kg/cm2, siendo el promedio
alcanzado de 2804 kg/cm2. Asimismo, el módulo de elasticidad estuvo
comprendido en el intervalo de 293,105 kg/cm2 y 326, 209 kg/cm2, siendo
el promedio 304,203 kg/cm2.
Concluyéndose que para efectos de su clasificación estaría en el grupo A
del PADT – REFORT para madera estructural de la Madera del Grupo
Andino de la Junta del Acuerdo de Cartagena; con un gran potencial para
ser utilizada en estructuras de edificaciones.
This research covers the physical and mechanical study of black machimango wood Eschweilera coreacea, from a natural forest near the capital of the Alto Nanay district, Maynas province, Peru. The research has a quantitative approach, a descriptive level, and a nonexperimental design. Descriptive statistics were applied for data processing. The results indicate that this wood species has a density between 1,091 g/cm3 and 1,123 g/cm3, with an average of 1,113 g/cm3, the lower value corresponding to a moisture content of 14.58%, and the higher value to 14.78%. The compression test perpendicular to the fiber yielded stress values at the proportional limit in the range of 490 kg/cm2 and 650 kg/cm2, with an average of 520 kg/cm2, corresponding to an average compressive strain of 5.85 mm; The load was proportional to the average load limit of 12,485 kg. The beam bending test yielded fiber stress values at the proportional limit ranging from 1,993 kg/cm2 to 2,011 kg/cm2, with an average load reached of 1,997 kg/cm2; corresponding to an average load at the proportional limit of 757 kg/cm2. The modulus of rupture ranged from 2,702 kg/cm2 to 2,946 kg/cm2, with an average load reached of 2,804 kg/cm2. The modulus of elasticity ranged from 293.105 kg/cm2 to 326.209 kg/cm2, with an average of 304.203 kg/cm2. It was concluded that, for classification purposes, the timber would be classified in Group A of the PADT-REFORT for structural timber of the Andean Group of the Cartagena Agreement Board. with great potential to be used in building structures.
This research covers the physical and mechanical study of black machimango wood Eschweilera coreacea, from a natural forest near the capital of the Alto Nanay district, Maynas province, Peru. The research has a quantitative approach, a descriptive level, and a nonexperimental design. Descriptive statistics were applied for data processing. The results indicate that this wood species has a density between 1,091 g/cm3 and 1,123 g/cm3, with an average of 1,113 g/cm3, the lower value corresponding to a moisture content of 14.58%, and the higher value to 14.78%. The compression test perpendicular to the fiber yielded stress values at the proportional limit in the range of 490 kg/cm2 and 650 kg/cm2, with an average of 520 kg/cm2, corresponding to an average compressive strain of 5.85 mm; The load was proportional to the average load limit of 12,485 kg. The beam bending test yielded fiber stress values at the proportional limit ranging from 1,993 kg/cm2 to 2,011 kg/cm2, with an average load reached of 1,997 kg/cm2; corresponding to an average load at the proportional limit of 757 kg/cm2. The modulus of rupture ranged from 2,702 kg/cm2 to 2,946 kg/cm2, with an average load reached of 2,804 kg/cm2. The modulus of elasticity ranged from 293.105 kg/cm2 to 326.209 kg/cm2, with an average of 304.203 kg/cm2. It was concluded that, for classification purposes, the timber would be classified in Group A of the PADT-REFORT for structural timber of the Andean Group of the Cartagena Agreement Board. with great potential to be used in building structures.
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Madera, Natural, Wood, Natural
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